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  2. Kalam cosmological argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalam_cosmological_argument

    The Kalam cosmological argument was influenced by the concept of the prime mover, introduced by Aristotle.It originates in the works of theologian and philosopher John Philoponus (490–570 AD) [10] and was developed substantially under the medieval Islamic scholastic tradition during the Islamic Golden Age.

  3. Existence of God - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existence_of_God

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 24 December 2024. Philosophical question Part of a series on Theism Types of faith Agnosticism Apatheism Atheism Classical theism Deism Henotheism Ietsism Ignosticism Monotheism Monism Dualism Monolatry Kathenotheism Omnism Pandeism Panentheism Pantheism Polytheism Transtheism Specific conceptions ...

  4. Cosmological argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmological_argument

    In the philosophy of religion, a cosmological argument is an argument for the existence of God based upon observational and factual statements concerning the universe (or some general category of its natural contents) typically in the context of causation, change, contingency or finitude.

  5. God - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God

    Belief in the existence of at least one god is called theism. [3] Conceptions of God vary considerably. Many notable theologians and philosophers have developed arguments for and against the existence of God. [4] Atheism rejects the belief in any deity. Agnosticism is the belief that the existence of God is unknown or unknowable. Some theists ...

  6. God of the gaps - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_of_the_gaps

    As scientific knowledge continues to advance, these gaps tend to shrink, potentially weakening the argument for God's existence. Critics contend that such an approach can undermine religious beliefs by suggesting that God only operates in the unexplained areas of our understanding, leaving little room for divine involvement in a comprehensive ...

  7. Ontological argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontological_argument

    American philosopher of religion William L. Rowe notably believed that the structure of the ontological argument was such that it inherently begs the question of God's existence, that is to say, that one must have a presupposed belief in God's existence in order to accept the argument's conclusion. To illustrate this, Rowe devises the concept ...

  8. Transcendental argument for the existence of God - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendental_argument...

    The Transcendental Argument for the existence of God (TAG) is an argument that attempts to prove the existence of God by appealing to the necessary conditions for the possibility of experience and knowledge. [1] A version was formulated by Immanuel Kant in his 1763 work The Only Possible Argument in Support of a Demonstration of the Existence ...

  9. Argument from reason - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_reason

    Eventually, we must reason back to the existence of eternal, non-dependent source of human reason. 6. Therefore, there exists an eternal, self-existent, rational Being who is the ultimate source of human reason. This Being we call God (from 4-5). (Lewis, Miracles, chap. 4)