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The Iroquois (/ ˈ ɪr ə k w ɔɪ,-k w ɑː / IRR-ə-kwoy, -kwah), also known as the Five Nations, and later as the Six Nations from 1722 onwards; alternatively referred to by the endonym Haudenosaunee [a] (/ ˌ h oʊ d ɪ n oʊ ˈ ʃ oʊ n i / HOH-din-oh-SHOH-nee; [8] lit.
During the Middle Ontario Iroquois stage, rapid cultural change took place near the beginning of the 14th century, [8] and detectable differences between the Glen Meyer and Pickering cultures disappeared. The Middle Ontario Iroquois stage is divided into chronological Uren and Middleport substages, [9] which are sometimes termed as cultures. [10]
The Great Peacemaker (Skén:nen rahá:wi [4] [ˈskʌ̃ː.nʌ̃ ɾa.ˈhaː.wi] in Mohawk), sometimes referred to as Deganawida or Tekanawí:ta [4] [de.ga.na.ˈwiː.da] in Mohawk (as a mark of respect, some Iroquois avoid using his personal name except in special circumstances) was by tradition, along with Jigonhsasee and Hiawatha, the founder of the Haudenosaunee, commonly called the Iroquois ...
Hiawatha: founder of the Iroquois Confederacy. ISBN 1-59155-176-5 ISBN 9781591551768; Hale, Horatio (1881). Hiawatha and the Iroquois confederation: a study in anthropology. Hatzan, A. Leon (1925). The true story of Hiawatha, and history of the Six Nations Indians. Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe (1856).
For this reason, the League of the Iroquois historically met at the Iroquois government's capital at Onondaga, as the traditional chiefs do today. In the United States, the home of the Onondaga Nation is the Onondaga Reservation. Onondaga people also live near Brantford, Ontario on Six Nations territory. This reserve used to be Haudenosaunee ...
The surviving Jesuits burned the mission after abandoning it to prevent its capture. The extensive Iroquois attack shocked and frightened the surviving Huron. The Huron were geographically cut off from trade with the Dutch and British by the Iroquois Confederacy, who had access to free trade with all the Europeans in the area especially the Dutch.
Iroquois oral history tells the beginning of the False Face tradition. According to the accounts, the Creator Shöñgwaia'dihsum ('our creator' in Onondaga), blessed with healing powers in response to his love of living things, encountered a stranger, referred to in Onondaga as Ethiso:da' ('our grandfather') or Hado'ih (IPA:), and challenged him in a competition to see who could move a mountain.
At that time, most of the six Iroquois nations based in New York (who then numbered six, as the Tuscarora had joined them from the South about 1722) were closely allied to the British because of their lucrative fur trading. Guyasuta (c. 1725–c. 1794), a chief of the Mingo-Seneca, was one of the leaders in Pontiac's War.