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  2. Leading zero - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leading_zero

    Leading zeros are also present whenever the number of digits is fixed by the technical system (such as in a memory register), but the stored value is not large enough to result in a non-zero most significant digit. [7] The count leading zeros operation efficiently determines the number of leading zero bits in a machine word. [8]

  3. Significant figures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Significant_figures

    Zeros between two significant non-zero digits are significant (significant trapped zeros). 101.12003 consists of eight significant figures if the resolution is to 0.00001. 125.340006 has seven significant figures if the resolution is to 0.0001: 1, 2, 5, 3, 4, 0, and 0. Zeros to the left of the first non-zero digit (leading zeros) are not ...

  4. Parasitic number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic_number

    In general, if we relax the rules to allow a leading zero, then there are 9 n-parasitic numbers for each n. Otherwise only if k ≥ n then the numbers do not start with zero and hence fit the actual definition. Other n-parasitic integers can be built by concatenation. For example, since 179487 is a 4-parasitic number, so are 179487179487 ...

  5. 6174 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6174

    All other four-digit numbers eventually reach 6174 if leading zeros are used to keep the number of digits at 4. For numbers with three identical digits and a fourth digit that is one higher or lower (such as 2111), it is essential to treat 3-digit numbers with a leading zero; for example: 2111 – 1112 = 0999; 9990 – 999 = 8991; 9981 – 1899 ...

  6. Find first set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Find_first_set

    The count trailing zeros operation would return 3, while the count leading zeros operation returns 16. The count leading zeros operation depends on the word size: if this 32-bit word were truncated to a 16-bit word, count leading zeros would return zero. The find first set operation would return 4, indicating the 4th position from the right.

  7. Elias delta coding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elias_delta_coding

    Example: 001010011 1. 2 leading zeros in 001 2. read 2 more bits i.e. 00101 3. decode N+1 = 00101 = 5 4. get N = 5 − 1 = 4 remaining bits for the complete code i.e. '0011' 5. encoded number = 2 4 + 3 = 19 This code can be generalized to zero or negative integers in the same ways described in Elias gamma coding.

  8. HyperLogLog - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperLogLog

    If the maximum number of leading zeros observed is n, an estimate for the number of distinct elements in the set is 2 n. [1] In the HyperLogLog algorithm, a hash function is applied to each element in the original multiset to obtain a multiset of uniformly distributed random numbers with the same cardinality as the original multiset. The ...

  9. Self-descriptive number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-descriptive_number

    Because leading zeros are not written down, every autobiographical number contains at least one zero, so that its first digit is nonzero. Considering a hypothetical case where the digits are treated in the opposite order: the units is the count of zeros, the 10s the count of ones, and so on, there are no such self-describing numbers.