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This is a list of notable computer programs that are used to model nanostructures at the levels of classical mechanics [1] and quantum mechanics. Furiousatoms [2] - a powerful software for molecular modelling and visualization; Aionics.io [3] - a powerful platform for nanoscale modelling; Ascalaph Designer; Atomistix ToolKit and Virtual NanoLab ...
There are number of challenges and problems that should be addressed when designing and building nanoscale machines with movable parts. The most obvious one is the need of developing very fine tools and manipulation techniques capable of assembling individual nanostructures with high precision into operational device.
The tip of a scanning probe can also be used to manipulate nanostructures (positional assembly). Feature-oriented scanning may be a promising way to implement these nano-scale manipulations via an automatic algorithm. [56] [57] However, this is still a slow process because of low velocity of the microscope.
In describing nanostructures, it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions in the volume of an object which are on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm.
Certain nanostructures (e.g. a gold nanodolmen using three gold nanorods) can exhibit strong SHG responses and lead to specific emission patterns. This method has been used to accurately determine complex 3-dimensional macromolecular entities.
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) - Can be used to both image, and to manipulate structures as small as a single atom. Molecular self-assembly - Arbitrary sequences of DNA can now be synthesized cheaply in bulk, and used to create custom proteins or regular patterns of amino acids. Similarly, DNA strands can bind to other DNA strands ...
A notable molecule editor is a computer program for creating and modifying representations of chemical structures.. Molecule editors can manipulate chemical structure representations in either a simulated two-dimensional space or three-dimensional space, via 2D computer graphics or 3D computer graphics, respectively.
Passive nanostructures - nanoparticles and nanotubes that provide added strength, electrical and thermal conductivity, toughness, hydrophilic/phobic and/or other properties that emerge from their nanoscale structure. 2. Active nanodevices - nanostructures that change states in order to transform energy, information, and/or to perform useful ...