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Setting aside other factors (e.g., balancing selection, and genetic drift), the equilibrium number of deleterious alleles is then determined by a balance between the deleterious mutation rate and the rate at which selection purges those mutations. Mutation–selection balance was originally proposed to explain how genetic variation is ...
In genetics, the K a /K s ratio, also known as ω or d N /d S ratio, [a] is used to estimate the balance between neutral mutations, purifying selection and beneficial mutations acting on a set of homologous protein-coding genes.
It can also be biased by violation of the infinite-sites mutational model; if multiple mutations can overwrite one another, Watterson's estimator will be biased downward. Comparing the value of the Watterson's estimator, to nucleotide diversity is the basis of Tajima's D which allows inference of the evolutionary regime of a given locus.
Evidence for balancing selection can be found in the number of alleles in a population which are maintained above mutation rate frequencies. All modern research has shown that this significant genetic variation is ubiquitous in panmictic populations.
The Haldane-Muller theorem of mutation–selection balance says that the load depends only on the deleterious mutation rate and not on the selection coefficient. [6] Specifically, relative to an ideal genotype of fitness 1, the mean population fitness is exp ( − U ) {\displaystyle \exp(-U)} where U is the total deleterious mutation rate ...
Mutation will have a very subtle effect on allele frequencies through the introduction of new allele into a population. Mutation rates are of the order 10 −4 to 10 −8, and the change in allele frequency will be, at most, the same order. Recurrent mutation will maintain alleles in the population, even if there is strong selection against them.
Cold and flu season always comes around when the weather starts to change. But does cold, wet weather actually make you sick?Not really, experts say. But cooler temperatures and dry winter air can ...
Selection coefficient, usually denoted by the letter s, is a measure used in population genetics to quantify the relative fitness of a genotype compared to other genotypes. . Selection coefficients are central to the quantitative description of evolution, since fitness differences determine the change in genotype frequencies attributable to selecti