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Restrictive lung diseases are a category of extrapulmonary, pleural, or parenchymal respiratory diseases that restrict lung expansion, [2] resulting in a decreased lung volume, an increased work of breathing, and inadequate ventilation and/or oxygenation. Pulmonary function test demonstrates a decrease in the forced vital capacity.
Symptoms include shortness of breath, a dry cough, feeling tired, weight loss, and nail clubbing. [1] Complications may include pulmonary hypertension, respiratory failure, pneumothorax, and lung cancer. [2] Causes include environmental pollution, certain medications, connective tissue diseases, infections, and interstitial lung diseases.
Pneumoconiosis often causes restrictive impairment, [4] although diagnosable pneumoconiosis can occur without measurable impairment of lung function. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Depending on extent and severity, it may cause death within months or years, or it may never produce symptoms.
The condition only causes symptoms if the visceral pleura is affected. [5] Although fibrothorax may not cause any symptoms, people affected by the disorder may report shortness of breath . [ 6 ] Persistent, recurrent pleural effusions are a possible symptom, caused by the persistent cavity formed by the hardening pleura around the original ...
Respiratory diseases, or lung diseases, [1] are pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange difficult in air-breathing animals. They include conditions of the respiratory tract including the trachea , bronchi , bronchioles , alveoli , pleurae , pleural cavity , the nerves and muscles of respiration .
Exposure to coal dust is the cause of coalworker's pneumoconiosis, also called "black lung disease", is an interstitial lung disease caused by long-term exposure (over 10 years) to coal dust. Symptoms include shortness of breath and lowered pulmonary function. It can be fatal when advanced.
Conditions that limit the ability of the lung tissue to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air within the lungs. Any disease which can damage the lung tissue can fit into this category. The most common causes are (in no particular order) infections, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary edema. Causes of respiratory ...
In obstructive lung disease, the FEV1 is reduced due to an obstruction of air escaping from the lungs. Thus, the FEV1/FVC ratio will be reduced. [4] More specifically, according to the National Institute for Clinical Excellence, the diagnosis of COPD is made when the FEV 1 /FVC ratio is less than 0.7 or [8] the FEV 1 is less than 75% of predicted; [9] however, other authoritative bodies have ...