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  2. Epistemology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemology

    Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that examines the nature, origin, and limits of knowledge.Also called theory of knowledge, it explores different types of knowledge, such as propositional knowledge about facts, practical knowledge in the form of skills, and knowledge by acquaintance as a familiarity through experience.

  3. Scientific method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method

    Scientific pluralists hold that science is not unified in one or more of the following ways: the metaphysics of its subject matter, the epistemology of scientific knowledge, or the research methods and models that should be used. Some pluralists believe that pluralism is necessary due to the nature of science.

  4. Science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science

    Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the universe. [1] [2] Modern science is typically divided into two or three major branches: [3] the natural sciences (e.g., physics, chemistry, and biology), which study the physical world; and the behavioural sciences (e.g., economics, psychology, and sociology ...

  5. Philosophy of science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_science

    Philosophy of science is the branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science.Amongst its central questions are the difference between science and non-science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose and meaning of science as a human endeavour.

  6. History of scientific method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_scientific_method

    The history of scientific method considers changes in the methodology of scientific inquiry, as distinct from the history of science itself. The development of rules for scientific reasoning has not been straightforward; scientific method has been the subject of intense and recurring debate throughout the history of science, and eminent natural philosophers and scientists have argued for the ...

  7. Scientific theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_theory

    Established scientific theories have withstood rigorous scrutiny and embody scientific knowledge. A scientific theory differs from a scientific fact or scientific law in that a theory seeks to explain "why" or "how", whereas a fact is a simple, basic observation and a law is an empirical description of a relationship between facts and/or other ...

  8. Natural science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_science

    The scientific revolution, which began to take hold in the 17th century, represented a sharp break from Aristotelian modes of inquiry. [66] One of its principal advances was the use of the scientific method to investigate nature. Data was collected, and repeatable measurements were made in experiments. [67]

  9. Knowledge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge

    Knowledge is relevant to many fields like the sciences, which aim to acquire knowledge using the scientific method based on repeatable experimentation, observation, and measurement. Various religions hold that humans should seek knowledge and that God or the divine is the source of knowledge.