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Seven or eight finger-holes are positioned 90 degrees out of line with the reed, though this is adjustable in the common two-piece instruments provided with a metal tenon. The bawu typically has a range of an eleventh: on an instrument in "G" (according to Chinese custom the note with three upper finger holes down) this range is from B to E.
Clarinet bodies have been made from a variety of materials including wood, plastic, hard rubber or Ebonite, metal, and ivory. [35] The vast majority of wooden clarinets are made from African blackwood (grenadilla), or, more uncommonly, Honduran rosewood or cocobolo. [36] [37] Historically other woods, particularly boxwood and ebony, were used. [36]
The invention of the alto clarinet has been attributed to Iwan Müller and to Heinrich Grenser, [2] and to both working together. [3] Müller was performing on an alto clarinet in F by 1809, one with sixteen keys at a time when soprano clarinets generally had no more than 10–12 keys; Müller's revolutionary thirteen-key soprano clarinet was developed soon after. [3]
Oehler-system clarinet and Full-Oehler clarinet with bell mechanism to correct low E and F The Oehler system (also spelled Öhler ) is a system for clarinet keys developed by Oskar Oehler . Based on the Müller system clarinet, the system adds tone holes to correct intonation and acoustic deficiencies, notably of the alternately-fingered notes ...
The Silva-Bet, which debuted in 1925, is generally acknowledged to have been the first successful metal clarinet. [1] [2] Shortly after the appearance of the Silva-Bet, other woodwind makers entered the metal clarinet market, including Selmer Paris in 1927 [3] with their Master Model as well as American companies Buescher with their True Tone model and H. N. White with the Silver King.
The Boehm system for the clarinet is a system of clarinet keywork, developed between 1839 and 1843 by Hyacinthe Klosé and Auguste Buffet jeune.The name is somewhat deceptive; the system was inspired by Theobald Boehm's system for the flute, but necessarily differs from it, since the clarinet overblows at the twelfth rather than the flute's octave.
Big Band musician Jimmy Dorsey used a clarinet outfitted with the Albert system. Albert system clarinets are still used, mainly in Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian, Greek and Turkish folk music as well as Klezmer and Dixieland styles. Many musicians prefer the Albert system because its unkeyed tone holes make slurred notes easier to play.
A saxonette is a soprano clarinet in C, B ♭, or A that has both a curved barrel and an upturned bell, both usually made of metal.It has the approximate overall shape of a saxophone, but unlike that instrument it has a cylindrical bore and overblows by a twelfth.