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Much wealth was created during this time due to the slave trade. Under Muslim rule, the Iberian peninsula became a center of knowledge, unlike the prior Visigoths. They revolutionized the political world of Spain by bringing in ambassadors from Egypt, Tunisia, Saxony, and Byzantium. [3] The mosque became the hub of learning during this period.
In 1640, the House of Braganza revolted against Spanish rule and reasserted Portugal's independence. [84] When Spain's first Habsburg ruler Charles I became king of Spain in 1516 (with his mother and co-monarch Queen Juana I effectively powerless and kept imprisoned till her death in 1555), Spain became central to the dynastic struggles of Europe.
In 1700, Philip V became king of Spain after the death of Charles II, the last Habsburg monarch of Spain, who died without an heir. His ascension triggered the War of the Spanish Succession , as various European powers contested his claim to the throne.
The Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España) entered a new era with the death of Charles II, the last Spanish Habsburg monarch, who died childless in 1700. The War of the Spanish Succession was fought between proponents of a Bourbon prince, Philip of Anjou, and the Austrian Habsburg claimant, Archduke Charles.
Only in response to raids on the eastern coast of Spain did Charles personally lead attacks against holdings in North Africa (1535). In 1560, the Ottomans battled the Spanish Navy off the coast of Tunisia, but in 1565 Ottoman troops landing on the strategically vital island of Malta, defended by the Knights of St. John, were defeated.
Spain won the UEFA European Championship Final, establishing the team as an international soccer power house. 2010: July: Spain won the FIFA World Cup. [13] Garzón was granted leave to work as a consultant to the International Criminal Court at The Hague. 2015: Artur Mas defies Spain by calling early elections on independence of the region of ...
Spain, [f] officially the Kingdom of Spain, [a] [g] is a country in Southwestern Europe with territories in North Africa. [ 11 ] [ h ] Featuring the southernmost point of continental Europe , it is the largest country in Southern Europe and the fourth-most populous European Union member state.
An attempt was made to separate Andalusia from Spain. Spanish forces recovered Naples and most of Catalonia from French control but Portugal was lost permanently. In 1648, at the Peace of Westphalia, Spain assented to the emperor's accommodation with the German Protestants, and in 1654 it recognized the independence of the northern Netherlands.