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The official definition from the Society of American Archivists (SAA) is as follows: In an archival context, appraisal is the process of determining whether records and other materials have permanent (archival) value. Appraisal may be done at the collection, creator, series, file, or item level.
Archival science, or archival studies, is the study and theory of building and curating archives, which are collections of documents, recordings, photographs and various other materials in physical or digital formats. To build and curate an archive, one must acquire and evaluate the materials, and be able to access them later.
Meta databases are databases of databases that collect data about data to generate new data. They are capable of merging information from different sources and making it available in a new and more convenient form, or with an emphasis on a particular disease or organism.
Research data archiving is the long-term storage of scholarly research data, including the natural sciences, social sciences, and life sciences.The various academic journals have differing policies regarding how much of their data and methods researchers are required to store in a public archive, and what is actually archived varies widely between different disciplines.
Archives management is the area of management concerned with the maintenance and use of archives.It is concerned with acquisition, care, arrangement, description and retrieval of records once they have been transferred from an organisation to the archival repository.
For example, archival descriptions will always proceed from the general to the specific. We see this reflected in the levels of description , which categorise archival material similarly to how taxonomic rank groups organisms from the general to the specific.
In 1956, T. R. Schellenberg, known as the "Father of American Archival Appraisal", [64] published Modern Archives. Schellenberg's work was intended to be an academic textbook defining archival methodology and giving archivists specific technical instruction on workflow and arrangement.
Archival research lies at the heart of most academic and other forms of original historical research; but it is frequently also undertaken (in conjunction with parallel research methodologies) in other disciplines within the humanities and social sciences, including literary studies, rhetoric, [4] [5] archaeology, sociology, human geography, anthropology, psychology, and organizational studies ...