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The impact of the Jewish–Roman wars is archaeologically evident in Jewish-inhabited areas of southern Samaria, as many sites were destroyed and left abandoned for extended periods of time. After the First Jewish-Roman War , the Jewish population of the area decreased by around 50%, whereas after the Bar Kokhba revolt , it was completely wiped ...
Ruins of the royal palace of the Omiride dynasty in the city of Samaria, which was the capital of Israel from 880 BCE to 720 BCE.. According to Israel Finkelstein, Shoshenq I's campaign in the second half of the 10th century BCE collapsed the early polity of Gibeon in central highlands, and made possible the beginning of the Northern Kingdom, with its capital at Shechem, [10] [11] around 931 BCE.
Khazar Kingdom, c. 750–950 CE (semi-nomadic Turkic state in the Caucasus whose ruling royal elite seems to have converted to Judaism, although the extent to which it was adopted by commoners is highly debated) [11] [12] [13] Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia c. 1934 CE–present, one of the federal subjects of Russia. [14] [15] [16]
Samaria's biblical name, Šōmrōn (שֹׁמְרוֹן), means "watch" or "watchman" in Hebrew. [7] The Hebrew Bible derives the name from the individual (or clan) Shemer (Hebrew: שמר), from whom King Omri (ruled 880s–870s BCE) purchased the hill in order to build his new capital city (1 Kings 16:24).
The Samaritans are an ethnoreligious group of the Levant originating from the Israelites (or Hebrews) of the Ancient Near East.. Ancestrally, Samaritans claim descent from the Tribe of Ephraim and Tribe of Manasseh (two sons of Joseph) as well as from the Levites, [1] who have links to ancient Samaria from the period of their entry into Canaan, while some Orthodox Jews suggest that it was from ...
The Samaritans attribute their schism with the Jews to Eli, who was a High Priest of Israel around the 11th century BCE and in accordance with Samaritan beliefs, he is accused of establishing a religious shrine in Shiloh in opposition to the establishment of the original shrine on Mount Gerizim.
[7] [8] The exilic period saw the development of the Israelite religion towards a monotheistic Judaism. The exile ended with the fall of Babylon to the Achaemenid Empire c. 538 BCE. Subsequently, the Achaemenid king Cyrus the Great issued a proclamation known as the Edict of Cyrus, which authorized and encouraged exiled Jews to return to Judah.
The traditional religious view of Jews and Judaism of their own history was based on the narrative of the ancient Hebrew Bible. In this view, Abraham , signifying that he is both the biological progenitor of the Jews and the father of Judaism, is the first Jew. [ 23 ]