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Fig fruit is an important food source for much of the fauna in some areas, and the tree owes its expansion to those that feed on its fruit. The common fig tree also sprouts from the root and stolon tissues. [citation needed]
Syconium (pl.: syconia) is the type of fruit borne by figs (genus Ficus), formed by an enlarged, fleshy, hollow receptacle with multiple ovaries on the inside surface. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In essence, it is really a fleshy stem with a number of flowers, so it is considered both a multiple and accessory fruit.
Multi-fruits, also called collective fruits, are fruiting bodies formed from a cluster of flowers, the inflorescence. Each flower in the inflorescence produces a fruit, but these mature into a single mass. [1] After flowering, the mass is called an infructescence. [2] [3] Examples are the fig, pineapple, mulberry, osage orange, and jackfruit.
An example of multiple fruits are the fig, mulberry, and the pineapple. [1] Simple fruits are formed from a single ovary and may contain one or many seeds. They can be either fleshy or dry. In fleshy fruit, during development, the pericarp and other accessory structures become the fleshy portion of the fruit. [2]
Ancient banyan tree Ripe banyan fruits. Like other fig species, banyans also bear their fruit in the form of a structure called a "syconium". The syconium of Ficus species supply shelter and food for fig wasps and the trees depend on the fig wasps for pollination. [6] Frugivore birds disperse the seeds of banyans.
Ficus (/ ˈ f aɪ k ə s / [2] or / ˈ f iː k ə s / [3] [4]) is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae.Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone.
Ficus macrophylla, commonly known as the Moreton Bay fig or Australian banyan, is a large evergreen banyan tree of the Mulberry Family native to eastern Australia, from the Wide Bay–Burnett region in the north to the Illawarra in New South Wales, as well as Lord Howe Island where the subspecies F. m. columnaris is a banyan form covering 2.5 acres (a hectare) or more of ground.
In tropical areas where the wasp is common, complex mini-ecosystems involving the wasp, nematodes, [8] [9] other parasitic wasps, and various larger predators revolve around the life cycle of the fig. The trees' random production of fruit in such environments assures its constant attendance by the insects and animals which form this ecosystem.