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Myelin is formed by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system.Therefore, the first stage of myelinogenesis is often defined as the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) or Schwann cell progenitors into their mature counterparts, [4] followed by myelin formation around axons.
Using structural MRI, quantitative assessment of a number of developmental processes can be carried out including defining growth patterns, [9] and characterizing the sequence of myelination. [10] These data complement evidence from Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) studies that have been widely used to investigate the development of white matter.
The infant brain will increase in size by a factor of up to 5 by adulthood, reaching a final size of approximately 86 (± 8) billion neurons. [4] Two factors contribute to this growth: the growth of synaptic connections between neurons and the myelination of nerve fibers; the total number of neurons, however, remains the same.
The process of generating myelin is called myelination or myelinogenesis. In the CNS, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes, which form myelin. In humans, myelination begins early in the 3rd trimester, [ 11 ] although only little myelin is present in either the CNS or the PNS at the time of birth.
Staying dry for January may also help jump-start people to give up alcohol for longer. Although most people who participate in Dry January return to drinking, up to 8% stay dry six months later ...
The maturation of myelination in intracortical layers coincides with critical period closure in mice, which has led to further research on the role of myelination on critical period duration. [ 37 ] Myelin is known to bind many different axonal growth inhibitors that prevent plasticity seen in critical periods. [ 38 ]
If you're an animal lover who's looking to start 2025 as the best version of yourself, allow us to introduce you to a range of achievable New Year's resolutions for pet owners to make. Being a pet ...
A ship is guided through the Panama Canal's Miraflores locks near Panama City on April 24, 2023. (Luis Acosta/AFP/Getty Images)