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In many people with hyperacusis, an increased activity develops in the tensor tympani muscle in the middle ear as part of the startle response to some sounds. This lowered reflex threshold for tensor tympani contraction is activated by the perception/anticipation of loud sound, and is called tonic tensor tympani syndrome (TTTS). In some people ...
The acoustic reflex (also known as the stapedius reflex, [1] stapedial reflex, [2] auditory reflex, [3] middle-ear-muscle reflex (MEM reflex, MEMR), [4] attenuation reflex, [5] cochleostapedial reflex [6] or intra-aural reflex [6]) is an involuntary muscle contraction that occurs in the middle ear in response to loud sound stimuli or when the person starts to vocalize.
Although the ear is the primary organ for sensing low sound, at higher intensities it is possible to feel infrasound vibrations in various parts of the body. The study of such sound waves is sometimes referred to as infrasonics , covering sounds beneath 20 Hz down to 0.1 Hz (and rarely to 0.001 Hz).
Cochlear hydrops preferentially affects the apex of the cochlea where low-frequency sounds are interpreted. Due to the fluid imbalance in this area, parts of the cochlea are stretched or under more tension than usual, which can lead to distortions of sound, changes in pitch perception, or hearing loss, all usually in the low frequencies.
Although pitch retrieval mechanisms in the auditory system are still a matter of debate, [76] [115] TFS n information may be used to retrieve the pitch of low-frequency pure tones [75] and estimate the individual frequencies of the low-numbered (ca. 1st-8th) harmonics of a complex sound, [116] frequencies from which the fundamental frequency of ...
HRTF filtering effect. A head-related transfer function (HRTF) is a response that characterizes how an ear receives a sound from a point in space. As sound strikes the listener, the size and shape of the head, ears, ear canal, density of the head, size and shape of nasal and oral cavities, all transform the sound and affect how it is perceived, boosting some frequencies and attenuating others.
Fluid accumulation is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss in the middle ear, especially in children. [3] Major causes are ear infections or conditions that block the eustachian tube, such as allergies or tumors. [3] Blocking of the eustachian tube leads to decreased pressure in the middle ear relative to the external ear, and this ...
Low-frequency conductive hearing loss is present in many patients with SCDS and is explained by the dehiscence acting as a "third window." Vibrations entering the ear canal and middle ear are then abnormally diverted through the superior semicircular canal and up into the intracranial space where they become absorbed instead of being registered ...