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At atmospheric pressure, mixtures of ethanol and water form an azeotrope at about 89.4 mol% ethanol (95.6% ethanol by mass, [84] 97% alcohol by volume), with a boiling point of 351.3 K (78.1 °C). [85] At lower pressure, the composition of the ethanol-water azeotrope shifts to more ethanol-rich mixtures. [86]
Because of hydrogen bonding, alcohols tend to have higher boiling points than comparable hydrocarbons and ethers. The boiling point of the alcohol ethanol is 78.29 °C, compared to 69 °C for the hydrocarbon hexane , and 34.6 °C for diethyl ether .
Triple point: 150 K (−123 °C), 0.00043 Pa Critical point: 514 K (241 °C), 63 bar Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ fus H o +4.9 kJ/mol Std entropy change of fusion, Δ fus S o +31 J/(mol·K) Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ vap H o +42.3 ± 0.4 kJ/mol [4] Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ vap S o: 109.67 J/(mol·K) Molal ...
This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
Amyl alcohol isomers; Common name Structure Type IUPAC name Boiling point (°C) [3] 1-pentanol or normal amyl alcohol primary Pentan-1-ol: 138.5 2-methyl-1-butanol or active amyl alcohol primary 2-Methylbutan-1-ol: 128.7 3-methyl-1-butanol or isoamyl alcohol or isopentyl alcohol primary 3-Methylbutan-1-ol: 131.2 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol or ...
Triple point: 184.9 K (−88.2 °C), ? Pa Critical point: 508.7 K (235.6 °C), 5370 kPa Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ fus H o: 5.28 kJ/mol Std entropy change of fusion, Δ fus S o: 28.6 J/(mol·K) Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ vap H o: 44.0 kJ/mol Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ vap S o: 124 J/(mol·K) Solid properties Std ...
A specially denatured alcohol (SDA) is one of many types of denatured alcohol specified under the United States Title 27 of the Code of Federal Regulations Section 21.151. [11] A specially denatured alcohol is a combination of ethanol and another chemical substance, e.g., ethyl acetate in SDA 29, 35, and 35A , added to render the mixture ...