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  2. Casing (borehole) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casing_(borehole)

    Casing that is cemented in place aids the drilling process in several ways: [2] Prevents contamination of fresh water well zones. Prevents unstable upper formations from caving in and sticking the drill string or forming large caverns. Provides a strong upper foundation to allow use of high-density drilling fluid to continue drilling deeper.

  3. Groundwater-related subsidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater-related_subsidence

    However, as seen in the figure, pumping-induced draw down causes a depression of the groundwater surface around the production well. This can ultimately affect a large region by making it more difficult and expensive to pump the deeper water. Thus, the extraction of groundwater becomes a tragedy of the commons, with resulting economic ...

  4. Wellhead - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wellhead

    Provide a means of casing suspension (Casing is the permanently installed pipe used to line the well hole for pressure containment and collapse prevention during the drilling phase). Provides a means of tubing suspension (Tubing is removable pipe installed in the well through which well fluids pass).

  5. Well drilling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well_drilling

    Well drilling is the process of drilling a hole in the ground for the extraction of a natural resource such as ground water, brine, natural gas, or petroleum, for the injection of a fluid from surface to a subsurface reservoir or for subsurface formations evaluation or monitoring.

  6. Dry well - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_well

    A dry well or drywell is an underground structure that disposes of unwanted water, most commonly surface runoff and stormwater, in some cases greywater or water used in a groundwater heat pump. It is a gravity-fed , vertical underground system that can capture surface water from impervious surfaces , then store and gradually infiltrate the ...

  7. Tube well - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tube_well

    The tube well casing houses the inlet, cylinder, piston valves and rising main of a "down-the-hole" type hand pump. Casing to support the external surfaces of the borehole against collapse may be needed, either temporarily or permanently, and is often made of PVC pipe, which has the advantages of being both cheap and inert.

  8. Borehole - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borehole

    A water resources borehole into the chalk aquifer under the North Downs, England at Albury. Engineers and environmental consultants use the term borehole to collectively describe all of the various types of holes drilled as part of a geotechnical investigation or environmental site assessment (a so-called Phase II ESA).

  9. Annulus (well) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annulus_(well)

    In a completed well, there may be many annuli. The 'A' annulus is the void between the production tubing and the smallest casing string. The 'A' annulus can serve a number of crucial tasks, including gas lift and well kills. A normal well will also have a 'B' and frequently a 'C' annulus, between the different casing strings.