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The term idol is an image or representation of a god used as an object of worship, [1] [2] [3] while idolatry is the worship of an "idol" as though it were God. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Ancient Near East and Egypt
Sumerian religion was the religion practiced by the people of Sumer, the first literate civilization found in recorded history and based in ancient Mesopotamia, and what is modern day Iraq. The Sumerians widely regarded their divinities as responsible for all matters pertaining to the natural and social orders of their society. [3]: 3–4
The earliest historic records confirming idols are from the ancient Egyptian civilization, thereafter related to the Greek civilization. [36] By the 2nd millennium BC two broad forms of cult image appear, in one images are zoomorphic (god in the image of animal or animal-human fusion) and in another anthropomorphic (god in the image of man). [32]
Female figurine. Mature Harappan period, 2700–2000 BCE. Indus civilization. National Museum, New Delhi. Indus Civilization pottery figure of horned deity. [1]The religion and belief system of the Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC) people have received considerable attention, with many writers concerned with identifying precursors to the religious practices and deities of much later Indian ...
Ancient Egyptian architect and physician whose status, two thousand years after his death, was raised to that of a god, becoming the god of medicine and healing. He was an Egyptian chancellor to the pharaoh Djoser , probable architect of the Djoser's step pyramid , and high priest of the sun god Ra at Heliopolis .
At a later period a coalescence of tribes in the same area into a nation took the place of a confederacy of tribes occupying independent areas. Such, through prolonged ages, after the gens appeared, was the substantially universal organization of ancient society; and it remained among the Greeks and Romans after civilization supervened.
The ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia were the oldest civilization in the world, beginning about 4000 BCE.. A civilization (also spelled civilisation in British English) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or spoken languages (namely, writing systems and graphic arts).
The god Marduk and his dragon Mušḫuššu. Mesopotamian religion encompasses the religious beliefs (concerning the gods, creation and the cosmos, the origin of man, and so forth) and practices of the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia, particularly Sumer, Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia between circa 6000 BC [1] and 400 AD.