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With artists like Gustave Courbet capitalizing on the mundane, ugly or sordid, realism was motivated by the renewed interest in the common man and the rise of leftist politics. [2] The realist painters rejected Romanticism, which had come to dominate French literature and art, with roots in the late 18th century.
Idealism apparent in ancient Egyptian art in general and specifically in portraiture was employed by choice, not as a result of lack of proficiency or talent. This is evident in the detailed and realistic depiction of birds and animals. [6] This choice was made for religious, political, magical, ethical and social reasons.
Ancient Greek art has survived most successfully in the forms of sculpture and architecture, as well as in such minor arts as coin design, pottery, and gem engraving. The most prestigious form of Ancient Greek painting was panel painting , now known only from literary descriptions; they perished rapidly after the 4th century AD when they were ...
Roman portraiture is characterized by its "warts and all" realism; bust of Lucius Caecilius Iucundus, a cast from the original in bronze, found in Pompeii, now in the Naples National Archaeological Museum. Roman portraiture was one of the most significant periods in the development of portrait art. The surviving portraits of individuals are ...
Greek art, especially sculpture, continued to enjoy an enormous reputation, and studying and copying it was a large part of the training of artists, until the downfall of Academic art in the late 19th century. During this period, the actual known corpus of Greek art, and to a lesser extent architecture, has greatly expanded.
Portrait bust of a man, Ancient Rome, 60 BC. Verism was a realistic style in Roman art. It principally occurred in portraiture of politicians, whose imperfections of the face were exacerbated in order to highlight their old age and gravitas. The word comes from Latin verus (true).
Realism was an artistic movement that emerged in France in the 1840s, around the 1848 Revolution. [1] Realists rejected Romanticism, which had dominated French literature and art since the early 19th century. Realism revolted against the exotic subject matter and the exaggerated emotionalism and drama of the Romantic movement. Instead, it ...
[33] [34] This impersonality is explained, according to Jeffrey Hurwit, because in the Archaic world the main goal of the sculptor was to offer a convincing, rather than realistic, piece, for the most constant and pressing impulse of this art "was to formalize, to define general patterns, to recreate nature in an intelligible form," consistent ...