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Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, mandarins, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. Citrus is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Indigenous people in these areas have used and ...
Citrus fruits are produced all over the world; according to the FAO, as of 2016, about 79% of the world's total citrus production was grown in the Northern Hemisphere, with countries of the Mediterranean Basin contributing the largest volumes, while Brazil was the largest citrus producer in the Southern Hemisphere and the world.
The grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) is a subtropical citrus tree known for its relatively large, sour to semi-sweet, somewhat bitter fruit. [1] The flesh of the fruit is segmented and varies in color from pale yellow to dark red. Grapefruits originated in Barbados in the 18th century.
Citrus greening was first found in 2005 in the US and has cut the orange tree production in half [2] [3] Citrus greening disease [4] (Chinese: 黃龍病; pinyin: huánglóngbìng abbr. HLB) [5] is a disease of citrus caused by a vector-transmitted pathogen. The causative agents are motile bacteria, Liberibacter spp.
The lemon (Citrus × limon) is a species of small evergreen tree in the Citrus genus of the flowering plant family Rutaceae. The lemon is a hybrid of the citron and the bitter orange . Its origins are uncertain, but some evidence suggests lemons originated during the 1st millennium BC in what is now northeastern India .
The citron (Citrus medica), historically cedrate, [4] is a large fragrant citrus fruit with a thick rind. It is said to resemble a 'huge, rough lemon'. [ 5 ] It is one of the original citrus fruits from which all other citrus types developed through natural hybrid speciation or artificial hybridization . [ 6 ]
The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is a major vector of citrus greening disease. [60] Citrus greening disease, caused by the bacterium Liberobacter asiaticum, has been the most serious threat to orange production since 2010. It is characterized by streaks of different shades on the leaves, and deformed, poorly colored, unsavory fruit.
The fruit and flower of a Persian lime (Citrus × latifolia) Makrut lime fruit. A lime is a citrus fruit, which is typically round, lime green in colour, 3–6 centimetres (1.2–2.4 in) in diameter, and contains acidic juice vesicles.