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In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system (DBMS), the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze the data. The DBMS additionally encompasses the core facilities provided to administer the database.
An information system is a work system in which activities are devoted to capturing, transmitting, storing, retrieving, manipulating and displaying information. [20] As such, information systems inter-relate with data systems on the one hand and activity systems on the other. [21]
Database design is the organization of data according to a database model. The designer determines what data must be stored and how the data elements interrelate. With this information, they can begin to fit the data to the database model. [1] A database management system manages the data accordingly.
Database model – theoretical foundation of a database and fundamentally determines in which manner data can be stored, organized, and manipulated in a database system. It thereby defines the infrastructure offered by a particular database system. The most popular example of a database model is the relational model.
This is the oldest form of database model. It was developed by IBM for IMS (information Management System), and is a set of organized data in tree structure. DB record is a tree consisting of many groups called segments. It uses one-to-many relationships, and the data access is also predictable. Network model; Relational model; Entity ...
Database administration is the function of managing and maintaining database management systems (DBMS) software. Mainstream DBMS software such as Oracle , IBM Db2 and Microsoft SQL Server need ongoing management.
IBM Information Management System (IMS) utilizes a hierarchical database model, distinct from IBM's later relational database model as seen in IBM Db2. In IMS, data is organized into segments, each comprising multiple fields, structured hierarchically to manage complex relationships effectively. [ 5 ]
A database management system used to maintain relational databases is a relational database management system (RDBMS). Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database.