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Yarn is selected for different textiles based on the characteristics of the yarn fibres, such as warmth (wool), light weight (cotton or rayon), durability (nylon is added to sock yarn, for example), or softness (cashmere, alpaca). Yarn is composed of twisted strands of fiber, which are known as plies when grouped together. [19]
Chữ Nôm (𡨸喃, IPA: [t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ nom˧˧]) [5] is a logographic writing system formerly used to write the Vietnamese language.It uses Chinese characters to represent Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary and some native Vietnamese words, with other words represented by new characters created using a variety of methods, including phono-semantic compounds. [6]
Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary (Vietnamese: từ Hán Việt, Chữ Hán: 詞漢越, literally 'Chinese-Vietnamese words') is a layer of about 3,000 monosyllabic morphemes of the Vietnamese language borrowed from Literary Chinese with consistent pronunciations based on Middle Chinese. Compounds using these morphemes are used extensively in cultural ...
Từ điển bách khoa Việt Nam (lit: Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Vietnam) is a state-sponsored Vietnamese-language encyclopedia that was first published in 1995. It has four volumes consisting of 40,000 entries, the final of which was published in 2005. [1] The encyclopedia was republished in 2011.
TRAN LE Quoc Toan TRAN LE Q. T. Quoc Toan TRAN LE Q. T. TRAN LE [D] Bùi Hoàng Việt Anh: Bùi Hoàng: Việt Anh (no middle name) B. H. Việt Anh BUI HOANG Viet Anh BUI HOANG V. A. Viet Anh BUI HOANG V. A. BUI HOANG [E] Tôn Nữ Thị Ninh: Tôn Nữ: Thị Ninh T. N. Thị Ninh T. N. T. Ninh [B] TON NU Thi Ninh TON NU T. N. Thi Ninh TON ...
Later, in 1920, French-Polish linguist Jean Przyluski found that Mường is more closely related to Vietnamese than other Mon–Khmer languages, and a Viet–Muong subgrouping was established, also including Thavung, Chut, Cuoi, etc. [12] The term "Vietic" was proposed by Hayes (1992), [13] who proposed to redefine Viet–Muong as referring to ...
In the later Lê dynasty, Vietnam developed a unique style of calligraphy called Nam tự (lit. ' southern script ', 南字) by Phạm Đình Hổ (範廷琥) in his book Vũ Trung Tùy Bút ('Written on Rainy Days', 雨中隨筆). [3] It was first used in bureaucracy only but later became popular for all writing purposes.
The cover page of Hán-văn Giáo-khoa thư, the textbook used in South Vietnam to teach Literary Chinese and chữ Hán. The education reform by North Vietnam in 1950 eliminated the use of chữ Hán and chữ Nôm. [16] Chinese characters were still taught in schools in South Vietnam until 1975. During those times, the textbooks that were ...