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The reductionist approach to causation can be exemplified with the case of two billiard balls: one ball is moving, hits another one and stops, and the second ball is moving. In A Treatise of Human Nature Hume coined two definitions of the cause in a following way:
Followers and interpreters of Hume have sometimes used Hume's dictum as the metaphysical foundation of Hume's theory of causation. On this view, there cannot be any causal relation in a robust sense since this would involve one event necessitating another event, the possibility of which is denied by Hume's dictum. [8] [9]
The philosopher David Hume used the phrase frequently in his discussion of the limits of empiricism to explain our ideas of causation and inference.In An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding and A Treatise of Human Nature, Hume proposed that the origin of our knowledge of necessary connections arises out of observation of the constant conjunction of certain impressions across many instances ...
"David Hume: Causation and Inductive Inference". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Problem of induction at the Indiana Philosophy Ontology Project; Probability and Hume's Inductive Scepticism at the Wayback Machine (archived 27 October 2009) (1973) by David Stove; Discovering Karl Popper by Peter Singer; The Warrant of Induction by D. H. Mellor
He describes two kinds of causation: nomic or generic causation and singular causation. Nomic causality means that cause and effect are linked by more or less certain or probabilistic general laws covering many possible or potential instances; this can be recognized as a probabilized version of Hume's criterion 3.
According to Hume, we reason inductively by associating constantly conjoined events. It is the mental act of association that is the basis of our concept of causation. At least three interpretations of Hume's theory of causation are represented in the literature: [87] the logical positivist; the sceptical realist; and; the quasi-realist.
The Missing Shade of Blue" is an example introduced by the Scottish philosopher David Hume to show that it is at least conceivable that the mind can generate an idea without first being exposed to the relevant sensory experience. It is regarded as a problem by philosophers because it appears to stand in direct contradiction to what Hume had ...
Hume and the Problem of Causation is a book written by Tom Beauchamp and Alexander Rosenberg, published in 1981 by Oxford University Press. Beauchamp and Rosenberg developed a single interpretation of David Hume ’s view on the nature of causation that rests on all of his works, and defended it against historical and contemporary objections.