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  2. Internal erosion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_erosion

    Internal erosion is the formation of voids within a soil caused by the removal of material by seepage. [1] It is the second most common cause of failure in levees and one of the leading causes of failures in earth dams, [2] responsible for about half of embankment dam failures. [3]

  3. Seep (hydrology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seep_(hydrology)

    Seep is often used in environmental sciences to define an exfiltration zone (seepage zone) where contaminated water, e.g., from waste dumps, leaves a waste system area. Seeps are often important smaller wildlife water sources, and indicated by lower riparian vegetation.

  4. Dispersion (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(geology)

    A simplified version of the Emerson soil dispersion test [3] can be completed in the field on a 20-minute to two-hour timescale. Laboratory tests used to diagnose a soil as dispersive focus on the cation exchange capacity of a soil sample and its cation breakdown. Soil cations are dominated by Ca 2+, Mg 2+, K +, and Na +, as well as H + in ...

  5. Soil test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_test

    A soil test is a laboratory or in-situ analysis to determine the chemical, physical or biological characteristics of a soil. Possibly the most widely conducted soil tests are those performed to estimate the plant-available concentrations of nutrients in order to provide fertilizer recommendations in agriculture.

  6. Effective stress - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_stress

    Using our spheres as a model, this is the same as injecting (or withdrawing) water between the spheres. If water is being injected, the seepage force acts to separate the spheres and reduces the effective stress. Thus, the soil mass becomes weaker. If water is being withdrawn, the spheres are forced together and the effective stress increases. [11]

  7. Infiltration (hydrology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infiltration_(hydrology)

    The available volume for additional water in the soil depends on the porosity of the soil [7] and the rate at which previously infiltrated water can move away from the surface through the soil. The maximum rate at that water can enter soil in a given condition is the infiltration capacity.

  8. These Are the Healthiest Fast Food Restaurants ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/healthiest-fast-food...

    Chick-fil-A “The nutrient-packed Market Salad is overflowing with a variety of fruits and veggies which is very rare for a fast food restaurant,” says Lauren Harris-Pincus, M.S., R.D.N ...

  9. Canal lining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal_lining

    Canal Lining. Canal lining is the process of reducing seepage loss of irrigation water by adding an impermeable layer to the edges of the trench. Seepage can result in losses of 30 to 50 percent of irrigation water from canals, so adding lining can make irrigation systems more efficient.