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The Hawaiian rebellions and revolutions took place in Hawaii between 1887 and 1895. Until annexation in 1898, Hawaii was an independent sovereign state , recognized by the United States , United Kingdom , France , and Germany with exchange of ambassadors.
The 1895 Wilcox rebellion or the Counter-Revolution of 1895 [note 1] was a brief war from January 6 to January 9, 1895, that consisted of three battles on the island of Oahu, Republic of Hawaii. It was the last major military operation by royalists who opposed the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom .
A native Hawaiian officer and veteran of the Italian military, Robert William Wilcox, organized a rebellion on July 30, 1889, to revive the powers of the monarch over administration. The rebellion was thwarted by the absence of the King at ʻIolani Palace (who was needed to promulgate a new constitution), and the Honolulu Rifles.
The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom was a coup d'état against Queen Liliʻuokalani that took place on January 17, 1893, on the island of Oahu, and was led by the Committee of Safety, composed of seven foreign residents (five Americans, one Scotsman, and one German [5]) and six Hawaiian Kingdom subjects of American descent in Honolulu.
Robert William Wilcox. Robert Wilcox returned to Hawaii from San Francisco with the knowledge of Princess Liliʻuokalani and stayed at her Palama residence [1] He organized another rebellion that took place on July 30, 1889 to revive the powers of the monarch by forcing King Kalākaua to reinstate the Constitution of 1864.
I, Liliuokalani of Hawaii, by the will of God named heir apparent on the tenth day of April, A.D. 1877, and by the grace of God Queen of the Hawaiian Islands on the seventeenth day of January, A.D. 1893, do hereby protest against the ratification of a certain treaty, which, so I am informed, has been signed at Washington by Messrs. Hatch ...
Kekuaokalani, nephew of Kamehameha I, killed during his rebellion against Liholiho. Humehume rebellion (1824) Son of Kaumualiʻi failed to take back Kauaʻi island. French Incident (1839) Military intervention by Captain Laplace of the French Navy to end religious persecution promoted by protestant missionaries in Hawaii. Paulet Affair (1843)
The 1887 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom was a legal document prepared by anti-monarchists to strip the absolute Hawaiian monarchy of much of its authority, initiating a transfer of power to a coalition of American, European and native Hawaiian people.