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The stepped reckoner or Leibniz calculator was a mechanical calculator invented by the German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (started in 1673, when he presented a wooden model to the Royal Society of London [2] and completed in 1694). [1]
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (or Leibnitz; [a] 1 July 1646 [O.S. 21 June] – 14 November 1716) was a German polymath active as a mathematician, philosopher, scientist and diplomat who is credited, alongside Sir Isaac Newton, with the discovery of calculus in addition to many other branches of mathematics, such as binary arithmetic and statistics.
In 1672, Gottfried Leibniz started designing an entirely new machine called the Stepped Reckoner. It used a stepped drum, built by and named after him, the Leibniz wheel , was the first two-motion calculator, the first to use cursors (creating a memory of the first operand) and the first to have a movable carriage.
Leibniz constructed just such a machine for mathematical calculations, which was also called a "stepped reckoner". As a computing machine, the ideal calculus ratiocinator would perform Leibniz's integral and differential calculus. In this way the meaning of the word, "ratiocinator" is clarified and can be understood as a mechanical instrument ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Gottfried Wilhelm (von) Leibniz (1 July 1646 [O.S. 21 June] – 14 November 1716); German polymath, philosopher logician, mathematician. [1] Developed differential and integral calculus at about the same time and independently of Isaac Newton.
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Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) was a German philosopher and mathematician. In engineering, the following concepts are attributed to Leibniz: Leibniz wheel, a cylinder used in a class of mechanical calculators; Leibniz calculator, a digital mechanical calculator based on the Leibniz wheel
Schickard and Pascal were followed by Gottfried Leibniz who spent forty years designing a four-operation mechanical calculator, the stepped reckoner, inventing in the process his leibniz wheel, but who couldn't design a fully operational machine. [13] There were also five unsuccessful attempts to design a calculating clock in the 17th century. [14]