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The q-value can be interpreted as the false discovery rate (FDR): the proportion of false positives among all positive results. Given a set of test statistics and their associated q-values, rejecting the null hypothesis for all tests whose q-value is less than or equal to some threshold ensures that the expected value of the false discovery rate is .
However, at 95% confidence, Q = 0.455 < 0.466 = Q table 0.167 is not considered an outlier. McBane [ 1 ] notes: Dixon provided related tests intended to search for more than one outlier, but they are much less frequently used than the r 10 or Q version that is intended to eliminate a single outlier.
Q factor (bicycles), the width between where a bicycle's pedals attach to the cranks; q-value (statistics), the minimum false discovery rate at which the test may be called significant; Q value (nuclear science), a difference of energies of parent and daughter nuclides; Q Score, in marketing, a way to measure the familiarity of an item
In these works, he also invented the q-value, which is a false discovery rate analogue of the p-value. Storey then introduced false discovery rates and q-values as widely applicable measures of statistical significance in genomics, shifting the focus from false positive control to false discovery rate control. [ 5 ]
In order to obtain the distribution in terms of the "studentized" range q, we will change variable from R to s and q. Assuming the sample data is normally distributed, the standard deviation s will be χ distributed. By further integrating over s we can remove s as a parameter and obtain the re-scaled distribution in terms of q alone.
In statistics, the Q-function is the tail distribution function of the standard normal distribution. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In other words, Q ( x ) {\displaystyle Q(x)} is the probability that a normal (Gaussian) random variable will obtain a value larger than x {\displaystyle x} standard deviations.
The Q-statistic or q-statistic is a test statistic: The Box-Pierce test outputs a Q-statistic (uppercase) which follows the chi-squared distribution The Ljung-Box test is a modified version of the Box-Pierce test which provides better small sample properties
A quality value Q is an integer mapping of p (i.e., the probability that the corresponding base call is incorrect). Two different equations have been in use. Two different equations have been in use. The first is the standard Sanger variant to assess reliability of a base call, otherwise known as Phred quality score :