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In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black staining. The term "amyloid" is derived from the Latin amyloideus ("starch-like"). [1]
To date, 37 human proteins have been found to form amyloid in pathology and be associated with well-defined diseases. [2] The International Society of Amyloidosis classifies amyloid fibrils and their associated diseases based upon associated proteins (for example ATTR is the group of diseases and associated fibrils formed by TTR). [3]
Two intersecting lines are drawn on the surface of the cap, the first with aniline or aniline water, the second with an aqueous solution of 65% nitric acid. The test is considered positive when a bright orange color forms where the lines cross. [4] [5] [6] Agaricus placomyces and Agaricus xanthodermus produce false negative reactions. [4] [5]
There is evidence that eating amyloid fibers may lead to amyloidosis. This evidence is based on studies in cattle, chickens, mice, and cheetahs. [22] Thus, in a sense, SAA amyloidosis may be considered a contagious disease, although whether this occurs or is important in the development of naturally occurring amyloidosis remains unknown.
Amyloid beta (Aβ) is a small protein, most often 40 or 42 amino acids in length, that is released from a longer parent protein called the Aβ-precursor protein (APP). [24] APP is produced by many types of cell in the body, but it is especially abundant in neurons. It is a single-pass transmembrane protein, passing once through cellular ...
Amyloid light chains deposition in shoulder joint causes enlarged shoulders, also known as "shoulder pad sign". [18] Amyloid light chain depositions can also cause bilateral symmetric polyarthritis. [18] The deposition of amyloid proteins in the bone marrow without causing plasma cell dyscrasias is called amyloidoma. It is commonly found in ...
New research is contradicting previously held views that only neurons secret beta-amyloid that forms toxic plaques, a marker of Alzheimer's disease in the brain. The study points to another ...
Pages in category "Mycology" The following 104 pages are in this category, out of 104 total. ... Amyloid (mycology) Ant–fungus mutualism; Arbuscular mycorrhiza ...