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Deforestation in Riau province, Sumatra, to make way for an oil palm plantation (2007).. Deforestation in Indonesia involves the long-term loss of forests and foliage across much of the country; it has had massive environmental and social impacts.
Such deforestation is associated with the reduction of water catchment capacity, as studies have found. [5] Meanwhile, Indonesia's Ministry of National Development Planning (BAPPENAS) reported that 96% of rivers in Jakarta have been polluted, [6] making fresh, clean water even more scarce. Water pollution is caused by both industrial and ...
Deforestation in the city of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil's Rio de Janeiro state, 2009. Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal and destruction of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. [1] Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use.
Indonesia's tropical forests and peatlands are of national and global ecological, climatic and socioeconomic importance. [7] Researchers have recognised the importance of Indonesian conservation in climate change mitigation , given it possesses the largest coverage of mangrove forests of any country, which act as a carbon sink .
Indonesia has one of the highest rates of deforestation in the world, much of which is driven by agricultural and logging industries. A study in 2022 estimated that the emissions impact from deforestation fires in Indonesia and Brazil was 3.7 (±0.4) and 1.9 (±0.2) Gt CO2eq in 2019 and 2020, respectively. [17]
Indonesia is a transcontinental country in Southeast Asia and Oceania.. The environment of Indonesia consists of 17,508 islands scattered over both sides of the equator. [1] [2] Indonesia's size, tropical climate, and archipelagic geography, support the world's second highest level of biodiversity after Brazil.
Deforestation also makes Indonesia one of the biggest emitters of greenhouse gases. Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is released in the atmosphere massively with the cutting of tropical peatlands, which are carbon sinks, according to Greenpeace. [22] Deforestation is also caused by illegal forest fires to clear land for palm oil plantations.
Deforestation in Borneo has taken place on an industrial scale since the 1960s. Borneo , the third largest island in the world, divided between Indonesia , Malaysia and Brunei , was once covered by dense tropical and subtropical rainforests .