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Phosphorus pentoxide is a chemical compound with molecular formula P 4 O 10 (with its common name derived from its empirical formula, P 2 O 5). This white crystalline solid is the anhydride of phosphoric acid. It is a powerful desiccant and dehydrating agent.
Phosphorus pentoxide (phosphorus(V) oxide, phosphoric anhydride), P 2 O 5; Phosphorus trioxide (phosphorus(III) oxide, phosphorous anhydride), P 2 O 3; Phosphorus tetroxide, P 2 O 4; Several other, less common, oxides of phosphorus, including P 4 O 7, P 4 O 9, and P 2 O 6; Gases: Phosphorus monoxide, PO; Phosphorus dioxide, PO 2
Diphosphorus is an inorganic chemical with the chemical formula P 2 . Unlike nitrogen, its lighter pnictogen neighbor which forms a stable N 2 molecule with a nitrogen to nitrogen triple bond , phosphorus prefers a tetrahedral form P 4 because P-P pi-bonds are high in energy.
The odour of combustion of this form has a characteristic garlic odor, and samples are commonly coated with white "diphosphorus pentoxide", which consists of P 4 O 10 tetrahedra with oxygen inserted between the phosphorus atoms and at their vertices. White phosphorus is only slightly soluble in water and can be stored under water.
Diphosphorus is the gaseous form of phosphorus, and the thermodynamically stable form between 1200 °C and 2000 °C. The dissociation of tetraphosphorus (P 4) begins at lower temperature: the percentage of P 2 at 800 °C is ≈ 1%. At temperatures above about 2000 °C, the diphosphorus molecule begins to dissociate into atomic phosphorus.
Unlike ammonia, phosphine is oxidised by air. Phosphine is also far less basic than ammonia. Other phosphines are known which contain chains of up to nine phosphorus atoms and have the formula P n H n+2. [17] The highly flammable gas diphosphine (P 2 H 4) is an analogue of hydrazine.
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Diphosphorus tetroxide, or phosphorus tetroxide is an inorganic compound of phosphorus and oxygen. It has the empirical chemical formula P 2 O 4 . Solid phosphorus tetroxide (also referred to as phosphorus(III,V)-oxide) consists of variable mixtures of the mixed-valence oxides P 4 O 7 , P 4 O 8 and P 4 O 9 .