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The variable y is directly proportional to the variable x with proportionality constant ~0.6. The variable y is inversely proportional to the variable x with proportionality constant 1. In mathematics, two sequences of numbers, often experimental data, are proportional or directly proportional if their corresponding elements have a constant ratio.
The energy is inversely proportional to the size of the unit of which the reciprocal is used, and is proportional to the number of reciprocal length units. For example, in terms of energy, one reciprocal metre equals 10 −2 (one hundredth) as much as a reciprocal centimetre. Five reciprocal metres are five times as much energy as one ...
The resistance of a given element is proportional to the length, but inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area. For example, if A = 1 m 2 , ℓ {\displaystyle \ell } = 1 m (forming a cube with perfectly conductive contacts on opposite faces), then the resistance of this element in ohms is numerically equal to the resistivity of the ...
The law states that the magnitude, or absolute value, of the attractive or repulsive electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. [4] Coulomb discovered that bodies with like electrical charges repel:
Specific volume is inversely proportional to density. If the density of a substance doubles, its specific volume, as expressed in the same base units, is cut in half. If the density drops to 1/10 its former value, the specific volume, as expressed in the same base units, increases by a factor of 10.
Since the volume is inversely proportional to the density, it follows that =, where is the initial density and / denotes the derivative of pressure with respect to density. The inverse of the bulk modulus gives a substance's compressibility.
The force of attraction or repulsion between two electrically charged particles, in addition to being directly proportional to the product of the electric charges, is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them; this is known as Coulomb's law. The deviation of the exponent from 2 is less than one part in 10 15. [8]
Capacitance is proportional to the area of overlap and inversely proportional to the separation between conducting sheets. The closer the sheets are to each other, the greater the capacitance. An example is the capacitance of a capacitor constructed of two parallel plates both of area A {\textstyle A} separated by a distance d {\textstyle d} .