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Shahmukhi (Shahmukhi: شاہ مُکھی, pronounced [ʃäː(ɦ)˦.mʊ.kʰiː], lit. ' from the Shah's or king's mouth ', Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ) is the right-to-left abjad-based script developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet used for the Punjabi language varieties, predominantly in Punjab, Pakistan.
Baba Farid - (1173–1266) Damodar Gulati - 15th century; Guru Nanak - (1469 - 1539) Guru Angad - 16th century; Guru Amar Das - 15th - 16th century; Guru Ram Das - 16th century; Shah Hussain - 16th century; Guru Arjun - 16th - 17th cen; Sultan Bahu (1628–1691) Bulleh Shah (1680–1757) Guru Tegh Bahadur - 17th century; Guru Gobind Singh ...
Punjabi Arthawali by Amar Nath, an English-to-Punjabi dictionary featuring Punjabi translations of English words in both Latin and Persian scripts. [6] Punjabi-Angrezi Kosh by Khushhal Singh (Lahore, 1946). [6] Based upon Maya Singh's dictionary. [6] Punjabi-English Vocabulary, a small lexicon published by the Sri Guru Singh Sabha, Lahore. [6]
Punjabipedia aims to promote the Punjabi language worldwide and make it one of the most popular languages of world as a part of "Mission Punjabi 2020". [2] On February 26, 2014, Devinder Singh, director, planning and monitoring head of Punjabi University and coordinator of the Punjabipedia said that Punjabipedia will be available in Gurmukhi script and will be more reliable and authentic in ...
Punjabi literature had an early claim to the compositions of Baba Farid in the 13th century as an example, predating the development of Hindi literature by several centuries. [2] Lala Lajpat Rai objected to the contemporary Khalsa Party's development of Punjabi literature, claiming it was an objectionable "mixture" ( khichṛī ) that borrowed ...
Sekhon eventually graduated with master's degrees in Economics and also in English. In the 1930s, he started writing in English, and after some initial publications including some in shared publications with W.H. Auden and Stephen Spender. [1] But given the greater audience in Punjabi, he shifted to Punjabi, and initially made a mark as a ...
Baba ("father, grandfather, wise old man, sir") [1] is a Sanskrit honorific term, [2] used in several West Asian, South Asian and African cultures. It is used as a mark of respect to refer to Hindu ascetics ( sannyasis ) and Sikh gurus , as a suffix or prefix to their names, e.g. Sai Baba of Shirdi , Baba Ramdev , etc. [ 1 ] [ 3 ]
Also playing a major role in consolidating and standardizing the Punjabi language, it served as the main medium of literacy in Punjab and adjoining areas for centuries when the earliest schools were attached to gurdwaras. [22] The first natively produced grammars of the Punjabi language were written in the 1860s in Gurmukhi. [33]