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Ireland is an open economy (3rd on the Index of Economic Freedom), [27] and ranks first for high-value foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. [28] In the global GDP per capita tables, Ireland ranks 2nd of 192 in the IMF table and 4th of 187 in the World Bank ranking. [29] [30] Social expenditure stood at roughly 13.4% of GDP in 2024.
The economy felt the impact of the global post-Dot Com economic slowdown in 2001, particularly in the high-tech export sector – the growth rate in that area was cut by nearly half. GDP growth continued to be relatively robust, with a rate of about 6% in 2001 and 2002 – but this was expected to fall to around 2% in 2003.
At the start of the 1990s, Ireland was a relatively poor country by Western European standards, with high poverty, high unemployment, inflation, and low economic growth. [1] The Irish economy expanded at an average rate of 9.4% between 1995 and 2000, and continued to grow at an average rate of 5.9% during the following decade until 2008, when ...
For much of the period, the Irish economy provided cheap raw materials such as timber, beef, vegetables, and marble to the far more industrialised British economy. Ireland underwent major highs and lows economically during the 19th century: from economic booms during the Napoleonic Wars [citation needed] and in the late 20th century (when it ...
How the health of the economy is measured, and why the GDP calculation matters. Skip to main content. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 ...
In February 2017, Ireland's GDP became so distorted from the base erosion and profit shifting ("BEPS") tax planning tools of U.S. multinationals, that the Central Bank of Ireland replaced Irish GDP with a new metric, Irish Modified GNI (or "GNI*"). In 2017, Irish GDP was 162% of Irish Modified GNI. [4]
The "Leprechaun economics" incident had follow-on effects. In September 2016, Ireland became the first of the major tax havens to be "blacklisted" by a G20 economy, Brazil. [22] In February 2017, Ireland replaced GDP with "Modified GNI (or GNI*)" (2017 Irish GDP was 162% of 2017 Irish GNI*, whereas EU–28 2017 GDP was 100% of GNI).
On the whole, PPP per capita figures are less spread than nominal GDP per capita figures. [5] The rankings of national economies over time have changed considerably; the economy of the United States surpassed the British Empire's output around 1916, [6] which in turn had surpassed the economy of the Qing dynasty in aggregate output decades earlier.