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The Turabian Style, published as the Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, is widely used in academic writing. The 7th Edition, published in 2007, stipulates that the use of periods, question marks, and exclamation points as "terminal punctuation" to end a sentence should be followed by a single space. [28]
The aesthetic style, which is only really now used in North America, [citation needed] was developed as early typesetters thought it was more aesthetically pleasing to present punctuation that way. In the aesthetic style, the punctuation goes within the quotation marks: For example: Arthur said the situation was "deplorable."
Include terminal punctuation within the quotation marks only if it was present in the original material, and otherwise place it after the closing quotation mark. For the most part, this means treating periods and commas in the same way as question marks: keep them inside the quotation marks if they apply only to the quoted material and outside ...
Titles in quotation marks that include (or in unusual cases consist of) something that requires italicization for some other reason than being a title, e.g., a genus and species name, or a non-English phrase, or the name of a larger work being referred to, also use the needed italicization, inside the quotation marks: "Ferromagnetic Material in ...
As in the above example, citation markers are normally placed after adjacent punctuation such as periods (full stops) and commas. For exceptions, see the WP:Manual of Style § Punctuation and footnotes. Note also that no space is added before the citation marker. Citations should not be placed within, or on the same line as, section headings.
This system, which requires extreme authorial precision and occasional decisions by the editor or typesetter, works best with single quotation marks. MLA Style Manual. 2nd ed., 3.9.7: Punctuation with Quotations. By convention, commas and periods go inside the closing quotation marks, but a parenthetical reference should intervene between the ...
In publishing, a note is a brief text in which the author comments on the subject and themes of the book and names supporting citations.In the editorial production of books and documents, typographically, a note is usually several lines of text at the bottom of the page, at the end of a chapter, at the end of a volume, or a house-style typographic usage throughout the text.
For templates like these that show the title in quotation marks, any double quotation marks inside the title should be converted to single quotation marks. Use title case unless the cited source covers a scientific, legal or other technical topic and sentence case is the predominant style in journals on that topic.