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A curved mirror is a mirror with a curved reflecting surface. The surface may be either convex (bulging outward) or concave (recessed inward). Most curved mirrors have surfaces that are shaped like part of a sphere, but other shapes are sometimes used in optical devices. The most common non-spherical type are parabolic reflectors, found in ...
Catoptrics is the title of two texts from ancient Greece: The Pseudo-Euclidean Catoptrics. This book is attributed to Euclid, [3] although the contents are a mixture of work dating from Euclid's time together with work which dates to the Roman period. [4] It has been argued that the book may have been compiled by the 4th century mathematician ...
Bottom: The formation of a real image using a concave mirror. In both diagrams, f is the focal point, O is the object, and I is the image. Solid blue lines indicate light rays. It can be seen that the image is formed by actual light rays and thus can form a visible image on a screen placed at the position of the image.
A catadioptric optical system is one where refraction and reflection are combined in an optical system, usually via lenses (dioptrics) and curved mirrors (catoptrics). Catadioptric combinations are used in focusing systems such as searchlights, headlamps, early lighthouse focusing systems, optical telescopes, microscopes, and telephoto lenses.
Curved mirrors can form images with a magnification greater than or less than one, and the magnification can be negative, indicating that the image is inverted. An upright image formed by reflection in a mirror is always virtual, while an inverted image is real and can be projected onto a screen. [40]
The detailed prediction of how images are produced by these lenses can be made using ray-tracing similar to curved mirrors. Similarly to curved mirrors, thin lenses follow a simple equation that determines the location of the images given a particular focal length and object distance (): + = where is the distance associated with the image and ...
Hockney tested a technique with a small concave mirror projecting the view from a small open window onto a surface in a darkened room. He connected several of the limitations of the technique and the characteristics of the images with the look of many naturalistic paintings: strong lights and shadows , dark backgrounds, limited depth, and a ...
The deformed picture relies on laws regarding angles of incidence of reflection. The length of the flat drawing's curves are reduced when viewed in a curved mirror, such that the distortions resolve into a recognizable picture. Unlike perspective anamorphosis, catoptric images can be viewed from many angles.