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Donepezil, sold under the brand name Aricept among others, is a medication used to treat dementia of the Alzheimer's type. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 8 ] It appears to result in a small benefit in mental function and ability to function. [ 9 ]
ATC code N06 Psychoanaleptics is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.
Memantine/donepezil, sold under the brand name Namzaric among others, is a fixed dose combination medication used for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer's type. [1] It contains memantine , as the hydrochloride, a NMDA receptor antagonist ; and donepezil as the hydrochloride, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor . [ 1 ]
Some supposed nootropic substances are compounds and analogues of choline, a precursor of acetylcholine (a neurotransmitter) and phosphatidylcholine (a structural component of cell membranes). Alpha-GPC – L-alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine has been studied only in the context of cognitive performance alongside other substances such as caffeine.
There are many supposed nootropics, most having only small effect sizes in healthy individuals. The most common pharmacological agents in neuroenhancement include modafinil and methylphenidate (Ritalin). Stimulants in general and various dementia treatments [10] or other neurological therapies [11] may affect cognition.
Memantine when added to donepezil in those with moderate-to-severe dementia resulted in "limited improvements" in a 2017 review. [24] The UK National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) issued guidance in 2018 recommending consideration of the combination of memantine with donepezil in those with moderate-to-severe dementia.
Nootropics are used to improve memory, concentration, thought, mood, and learning. An increasingly used nootropic among students, also known as a study drug , is methylphenidate branded commonly as Ritalin and used for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy . [ 31 ]
Depakote (valproic acid/sodium valproate) – an antiepileptic and mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar disorder, neuropathic pain and others; sometimes called an antimanic medication.