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Epikoinos, a game involving two teams of equal numbers and a ball which was roughly the size of a large apple. The two teams line up in a staggered formation either side of a centre line i.e. player 1 is closest to the line, player 2 midway and player 3 furthest, and the same for the opposite team.
Exercise physiology is the physiology of physical exercise. It is one of the allied health professions , and involves the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise. Exercise physiologists are the highest qualified exercise professionals and utilise education, lifestyle intervention and specific forms of exercise to ...
Cooper studied the effect of exercise in the late 1960s and popularized the term "training effect" [13] although that term had been used before. [14] [15] The measured effects were that muscles of respiration were strengthened, the heart was strengthened, blood pressure was sometimes lowered and the total amount of blood and number of red blood cells increased, making the blood a more ...
The Tecumseh step test is an exercise test that researchers use to determine a person's cardiovascular fitness level.. The Tecumseh step test is a modified version of the Harvard Step Test, [1] and was developed by Professor Henry J. Montoye at the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan.
Edward Hitchcock, Jr., (1828–1911) Amherst College Professor of Hygiene and Physical Education, devoted his academic career to the scientific study of physical exercise, training, and the body. Coauthored 1860 text on exercise physiology. [10]
Frequent and regular physical exercise boosts the immune system, and helps prevent the "diseases of affluence" such as heart disease, cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes and obesity. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Types of exercise
First put forth by Russian scientist Nikolai N. Yakovlev in 1949–1959, [2] this theory is a basic principle of athletic training. The fitness level of a human body in training can be broken down into four periods: initial fitness, training, recovery, and supercompensation. During the initial fitness period, the target of the training has a ...
Paffenbarger's Harvard alumni health study, of 17,000 male alumni who graduated between 1916 and 1950, [1] found that when the alumni were in their forties, vigorous exercise predicted greater longevity and lower risk of cardiovascular disease, and that so long as energy expenditure was equivalent, it was irrelevant whether the exercise was ...