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A view of a CD-ROM drive's disassembled laser system The movement of the laser enables reading at any position of the CD. The laser system of a CD-ROM drive. CD-ROM discs are read using CD-ROM drives. A CD-ROM drive may be connected to the computer via an IDE , SCSI, SATA, FireWire, or USB interface or a proprietary interface, such as the ...
For the first few years of its existence, the CD was a medium used purely for audio. In 1988, the Yellow Book CD-ROM standard was established by Sony and Philips, which defined a non-volatile optical data computer data storage medium using the same physical format as audio compact discs, readable by a computer with a CD-ROM drive.
Early sound cards could include a CD-ROM drive interface. Initially, such interfaces were proprietary to each CD-ROM manufacturer. A sound card could often have two or three different interfaces which are able to communicate with the CD-ROM drive. A method for using the parallel port to use with external drives was developed at some point. This ...
Although research into optical data storage has been ongoing for many decades, the first popular system was CD, introduced in 1982, adapted from audio to data storage (the CD-ROM format) with the 1985 Yellow Book, and re-adapted as the first mass market optical storage medium with CD-R and CD-RW in 1988.
The latest editions have abandoned the use of the term CD-WO in favor of CD-R, while CD-MO was rarely used. Written CD-Rs and CD-RWs are, in the aspect of low-level encoding and data format, fully compatible with the audio CD (Red Book CD-DA) and data CD (Yellow Book CD-ROM) standards. The Yellow Book standard for CD-ROM only specifies a high ...
Original CD-ROM drives could read data at about 150 kB/s, 1× constant angular velocity (CAV), [1] the same speed of compact disc players without buffering. As faster drives were released, the write speeds and read speeds for optical discs were multiplied by manufacturers, far exceeding the drive speeds originally released onto the market.
This means the heads cover more distance per unit of time on the outer tracks than on the inner tracks. This method is typical with computer hard drives. Constant linear velocity (CLV) keeps the distance covered by the heads per unit time fixed. Thus the disk has to slow down as the arm moves to the outer tracks. This method is typical for CD ...
A CD-RW compact disc (CD-RWs) can be written, read, erased, and re-written. CD-RWs, as opposed to CDs, require specialized readers that have sensitive laser optics. Consequently, CD-RWs cannot be read in many CD readers built prior to the introduction of CD-RW. CD-ROM drives with a "MultiRead" certification are compatible.