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A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge (the distance between the rails) broader than the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) used by standard-gauge railways.. Broad gauge of 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 + 27 ⁄ 32 in), more known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union countries (CIS states, Baltic states, Georgia, Ukraine) and Mongolia.
A broad-gauge train on mixed-gauge track. Brunel had devised a 7 ft (2,134 mm) track gauge for his railways in 1835. He later added 1 ⁄ 4 inch (6.4 mm), probably to reduce friction of the wheel sets in curves. This became the 7 ft 1 ⁄ 4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge. [a] Either gauge may be referred to as "Brunel's" gauge.
In 1840s, the 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) Irish gauge was considered a medium gauge compared to Brunel's 7 ft 1 ⁄ 4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge and the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) narrow gauge, which became the modern standard gauge.
Original definition of Brunel's broad gauge. This rail gauge was soon changed to 7 ft 1 ⁄ 4 in (2,140 mm) [105] to ease running in curves. 2,140 mm 7 ft 1 ⁄ 4 in: South Africa East London and Table Bay harbour railways England Brunel's Great Western Railway until converted to standard gauge by May 1892, See Great Western Railway The "gauge ...
This is a category for all broad gauge railways built with a track gauge of 7 ft (2,134 mm) Brunel gauge, as used for Brunel's Great Western Railway. This gauge later was defined being 7 ft 1 ⁄ 4 in (2,140 mm).
This is a list of the 7 ft 1 ⁄ 4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge locomotives of the Great Western Railway. [note 1] It excludes those purchased from constituent companies, or acquired through amalgamations.
The conversion of many broad gauge lines to standard gauge meant that this was a period of consolidation but in 1876 the amalgamation of the Bristol and Exeter and South Devon Railway locomotives saw 180 locomotives added to the GWR's fleet.
The first version of Isambard Kingdom Brunel's 7 ft (2,134 mm) broad gauge system used rails laid on longitudinal sleepers whose rail gauge and elevation were pinned down by being tied to piles (conceptually akin to a pile bridge), but this arrangement was expensive and Brunel soon replaced it with what became the classic broad gauge track, in ...