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Like perfect competition, under monopolistic competition also, the companies can enter or exit freely. The companies will enter when the existing companies are making super-normal profits. With the entry of new companies, the supply would increase which would reduce the price and hence the existing companies will be left only with normal profits.
Where efficiency is defined by the total gains from trade, the monopoly setting is less efficient than perfect competition. [ 68 ] It is often argued that monopolies tend to become less efficient and less innovative over time, becoming "complacent", because they do not have to be efficient or innovative to compete in the marketplace.
The total surplus of perfect competition market is the highest. And the total surplus of imperfect competition market is lower. In the monopoly market, if the monopoly firm can adopt first-level price discrimination, the consumer surplus is zero and the monopoly firm obtains all the benefits in the market. [15]
Nonetheless, this model has been applied and observed in both real-world examples and theoretical contexts. In the Cournot model and Bertrand model, it is assumed that all the firms are competing with the same choice variable, either output or price. [55] However, some economists have argued that this does not always apply in real world contexts.
The emergence of oligopoly market forms is mainly attributed to the monopoly of market competition, i.e., the market monopoly acquired by enterprises through their competitive advantages, and the administrative monopoly due to government regulations, such as when the government grants monopoly power to an enterprise in the industry through laws ...
With Monopoly just having turned 80 this year, many real-life personal-finance lessons can be learned from the classic money-loving board game.
Cars are a good example here; they are very different yet in direct competition with each other. This means there will be some customer loyalty, which allows for some flexibility for the firm to move to a higher price. In other words, not all of a firm's customers would leave for other products if the firm raised its prices. 2.
The popular board game teaches some valuable lessons.