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Fire making, fire lighting or fire craft is the process of artificially starting a fire. It requires completing the fire triangle , usually by heating tinder above its autoignition temperature . Fire is an essential tool for human survival and the use of fire was important in early human cultural history since the Lower Paleolithic .
The Great Fire of 1805 occurred on June 11, 1805, in the city of Detroit, in the Michigan Territory of the United States. [1] The fire destroyed almost everything in the city. [2] The motto of the city, Speramus meliora; resurget cineribus ('We hope for better things; it will rise from the ashes'), was written after this fire. [3]
From the Iron Age forward, until the invention of the friction match in the early 1800s by John Walker, the use of flint and steel was a common method of fire lighting. Percussion fire-starting was prevalent in Europe during ancient times, the Middle Ages and the Viking Age. [3] [6]
The policy of fire suppression was also applied to Sequoia, General Grant, and Yosemite national parks when they were established in 1890, and Army patrols were initiated to guard against fires, livestock trespass, and illegal logging. [12] An illustration of people fleeing from the 1871 Peshtigo fire
The agency plans to chip away at the problem with the roughly 11,300 wildland firefighters it employs each year who squeeze the work in during the offseason, when there are fewer fires to fight.
1985 – MOVE incident in Philadelphia destroyed 65 houses on Osage Avenue and left 250 homeless. 11 people died in the fire or were shot by police trying to escape. 1985 – Annanar forest fire, Portugal, 1,500 km 2 destroyed, killing 14. 1986 – Chu Ku Tsai village fire, Hong Kong, left 2,000 homeless on Lunar New Year holiday. [44]
Fire regimes of United States plants. Savannas have regimes of a few years: blue, pink, and light green areas. When first encountered by Europeans, many ecosystems were the result of repeated fires every one to three years, resulting in the replacement of forests with grassland or savanna, or opening up the forest by removing undergrowth. [23]
[1] [2] In terms of property value, it did three times as much damage as the next most destructive of the seven fires. [1] Around 11 pm on the night of May 3, 1851, a fire (possibly arson) broke out in a paint and upholstery store above a hotel on the south side of Portsmouth Square in San Francisco.