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Gospatric II (died 1138) [1] was Earl of Lothian or Earl of Dunbar in the early 12th century. He was the son of Gospatric I , sometime Earl of Northumbria (d. after 1073). In the earliest sources, occurring at dates between 1120 and 1134 he is not styled "earl", but the "brother of Dolfin", the latter style being used in his own seal.
Dunbar Castle was one of the strongest fortresses in Scotland, situated in a prominent position overlooking the harbour of the town of Dunbar, in East Lothian. Several fortifications were built successively on the site, near the English-Scottish border. The last was slighted in 1567; it is a ruin today.
Gospatric fled into exile in Scotland and not long afterwards went to Flanders. When he returned to Scotland he was granted the castle at "Dunbar and lands adjacent to it" and in the Merse by King Malcolm III, his cousin. [10] This earldom without a name in the Scots-controlled northern part of Bernicia would later become the Earldom of Dunbar.
He was the son of Gospatric II, Earl of Lothian (later called Earl of Dunbar). He appeared for the first time as a witness in a charter representing his father's grant to Coldingham Priory. After his father's death in 1138, he inherited his father's territories in Northumberland, East Lothian and the Scottish Borders.
The title Earl of Dunbar, also called Earl of Lothian or Earl of March, applied to the head of a comital lordship in south-eastern Scotland between the early 12th century and the early 15th century. The first man to use the title of Earl in this capacity was Gospatric II, Earl of Lothian , son of Gospatric, Earl of Northumbria .
The town and port of Dunbar have featured prominently in Scottish history on various occasions. [2] Gospatric, Earl of Northumbria received from Malcolm III of Scotland, the lands of Dunbar as well as other parts of Lothian. [2] In 1128 Gospatric's son, Gospatric II, Earl of Lothian, witnessed the foundation of Holyrood Abbey. [2]
Coventry, Martin (2001) The Castles of Scotland, 3rd Ed. Scotland: Goblinshead ISBN 1-899874-26-7; Coventry, Martin (2010) Castles of the Clans Scotland: Goblinshead ISBN 1-899874-36-4; Pattullo, Nan (1974) Castles, Houses and Gardens of Scotland Edinburgh: Denburn Press
Dunbar (/ d ʌ n ˈ b ɑːr / ⓘ) is a town on the North Sea coast in East Lothian in the south-east of Scotland, approximately 30 miles (50 kilometres) east of Edinburgh and 30 mi (50 km) from the English border north of Berwick-upon-Tweed. Dunbar is a former royal burgh, and gave its name to an ecclesiastical and civil parish.