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An excircle or escribed circle [2] of the triangle is a circle lying outside the triangle, tangent to one of its sides, and tangent to the extensions of the other two. Every triangle has three distinct excircles, each tangent to one of the triangle's sides.
Malfatti's assumption that the two problems are equivalent is incorrect. Lob and Richmond (), who went back to the original Italian text, observed that for some triangles a larger area can be achieved by a greedy algorithm that inscribes a single circle of maximal radius within the triangle, inscribes a second circle within one of the three remaining corners of the triangle, the one with the ...
The large triangle that is inscribed in the circle gets subdivided into three smaller triangles, all of which are isosceles because their upper two sides are radii of the circle. Inside each isosceles triangle the pair of base angles are equal to each other, and are half of 180° minus the apex angle at the circle's center.
Construction of the Malfatti circles: [3] For a given triangle determine three circles, which touch each other and two sides of the triangle each. Spherical version of Malfatti's problem: [4] The triangle is a spherical one. Essential tools for investigations on circles are the radical axis of two circles and the radical center of three circles.
Given three points A, B and C on a circle with center O, the angle ∠ AOC is twice as large as the angle ∠ ABC. A related result to Thales's theorem is the following: If AC is a diameter of a circle, then: If B is inside the circle, then ∠ ABC > 90° If B is on the circle, then ∠ ABC = 90° If B is outside the circle, then ∠ ABC < 90°.
In geometry, Euler's theorem states that the distance d between the circumcenter and incenter of a triangle is given by [1] [2] = or equivalently + + =, where and denote the circumradius and inradius respectively (the radii of the circumscribed circle and inscribed circle respectively).
Two triangles are said to be poristic triangles if they have the same incircle and circumcircle. Given a circle with Center O and radius R and another circle with center I and radius r, there are an infinite number of triangles ABC with Circle O(R) as circumcircle and I(r) as incircle if and only if OI 2 = R 2 − 2Rr. These triangles form a ...
This formula generalizes Heron's formula for the area of a triangle. A triangle may be regarded as a quadrilateral with one side of length zero. From this perspective, as d approaches zero, a cyclic quadrilateral converges into a cyclic triangle (all triangles are cyclic), and Brahmagupta's formula simplifies to Heron's formula.
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