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Ship caisson at Droogdok Jan Blanken at Hellevoetsluis. A caisson is a form of lock gate.It consists of a large floating iron or steel box. This can be flooded to seat the caisson in the opening of the dock to close it, or pumped dry to float it and allow it to be towed clear of the dock.
The caisson lock is a type of canal lock in which a narrowboat is floated into a sealed watertight box and raised or lowered between two different canal water levels. It was invented in the late 18th century as a solution to the problem posed by the excessive demand for water when conventional locks were used to raise and lower canal boats ...
A plan and side view of a generic, empty canal lock. A lock chamber separated from the rest of the canal by an upper pair and a lower pair of mitre gates.The gates in each pair close against each other at an 18° angle to approximate an arch against the water pressure on the "upstream" side of the gates when the water level on the "downstream" side is lower.
The heaviest leaves weigh 662 t (730 short tons; 652 long tons); the hinges themselves each weigh 16.7 t (36,817 lb). Each gate has two leaves, 65 ft (19.81 m) wide, which close to a "V" shape with the point upstream. This arrangement has the effect that the force of water from the higher side pushes the ends of the gates together firmly.
It is the longest staircase lock in Britain, lifting boats 64 feet (20 m). [1] It consists of eight locks, each 180 feet (55 m) by 40 feet (12 m), and it takes boats about 90 minutes to pass through the system. [1] [2] [3] The current lock gates weigh 22 tons each, and require a team of at least three lock-keepers to operate the staircase.
The five-rise opened on 21 March 1774 [6] and was a major feat of engineering at the time. When the locks and therefore the canal from Gargrave to Thackley [7] was opened in 1774, a crowd of 30,000 people turned out to celebrate.
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