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Particleboard with veneer. Particle board, also known as particleboard or chipboard, is an engineered wood product, belonging to the wood-based panels, manufactured from wood chips and a synthetic, mostly formaldehyde based resin or other suitable binder, which is pressed under a hot press, batch- or continuous- type, and produced. [1]
Chipboard may refer to: Particle board, a type of engineered wood known as chipboard in some countries; See also. White-lined chipboard, a grade of paperboard;
Solid bleached board, made purely from bleached chemical pulp and usually has a mineral or synthetic pigment. Solid unbleached board, typically made of unbleached chemical pulp. White lined chipboard, typically made from layers of waste paper or recycled fibers, most often with two to three layers of coating on the top and one layer on the ...
In 1958, Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments invented the hybrid integrated circuit (hybrid IC), [1] which had external wire connections, making it difficult to mass-produce. [2] In 1959, Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor invented the monolithic integrated circuit (IC) chip. [3] [2] It was made of silicon, whereas Kilby's chip was made of ...
In 1971, Ronald Portugal of E&L Instruments patented a similar concept with holes in 0.1 inches (2.54 mm) spacings, the same as DIP IC packages, which became the basis of the modern solderless breadboard that is commonly used today. [5]
[11] [12] [13] Considered by historians to be the world's first residential university [14] and among the greatest centres of learning in the ancient world, it was located near the city of Rajagriha (now Rajgir) and about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Pataliputra (now Patna) and operated from 427 until 1197 CE.
In 132, polymath Zhang Heng invented the seismoscope for detecting earthquakes, which was not invented anywhere else in the world until 1,100 years later. [25] Huan Tan's Xinlun is the earliest text to describe the trip hammer device powered by hydraulics (i.e., a waterwheel), which was used to pound and decorticate grain. [26]
The earliest known tool for use in computation is the Sumerian abacus, and it was thought to have been invented in Babylon c. 2700 –2300 BC. Its original style of usage was by lines drawn in sand with pebbles. [citation needed] In c. 1050 –771 BC, the south-pointing chariot was invented in ancient China.