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The interleukin-3 receptor is a molecule found on cells which helps transmit the signal of interleukin-3, a soluble cytokine important in the immune system. The gene coding for the receptor is located in the pseudoautosomal region of the X and Y chromosomes .
Interleukin 3 (IL-3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL3 gene localized on chromosome 5q31.1. [3] [4] Sometimes also called colony-stimulating factor, multi-CSF, mast cell growth factor, MULTI-CSF, MCGF; MGC79398, MGC79399: after removal of the signal peptide sequence, the mature protein contains 133 amino acids in its polypeptide chain.
[15] [16] The protein, which exists in vivo as a monomer, is produced in activated T cells and mast cells, [15] [16] and is activated by the cleavage of an N-terminal signal sequence. [16] IL3 is produced by T lymphocytes and T-cell lymphomas only after stimulation with antigens, mitogens, or chemical activators such as phorbol esters.
Src Homology 2 domain (aa593-685): mediates receptor-specific recruitment and STAT dimerization via phosphorylated tyrosine residue; Transcriptional activation domain (aa702-794): interacts with critical co-activators; In addition to the six functional domains, specific amino acids have been identified as key mediators of STAT5a function.
The protein encoded by this gene is an interleukin 3 specific subunit of a heterodimeric cytokine receptor. The receptor is composed of a ligand specific alpha subunit and a signal transducing beta subunit shared by the receptors for interleukin 3 (IL3), colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2/GM-CSF), and interleukin 5 (IL5).
By convention, peptide sequences are written N-terminus to C-terminus, left to right (in LTR writing systems). [1] This correlates the translation direction to the text direction, because when a protein is translated from messenger RNA, it is created from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, as amino acids are added to the carboxyl end of the protein.
SHP-2 is ubiquitously expressed and is considered a positive regulator of cytokine and growth factor receptor signaling. SHP-1 and SHP-2 consist of two SH-2 domains, a catalytic domain and a C-terminal tail. The N-terminal SH2 domain is involved in an auto-inhibitory mechanism, as removal of this domain activates the phosphatase. [4]
4783 18030 Ensembl ENSG00000165030 ENSMUSG00000056749 UniProt Q16649 O08750 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005384 NM_001289999 NM_001290000 NM_017373 RefSeq (protein) NP_001276928 NP_001276929 NP_005375 NP_059069 Location (UCSC) Chr 9: 91.41 – 91.42 Mb Chr 13: 53.12 – 53.14 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Nuclear factor, interleukin 3 regulated, also known as NFIL3 or E4BP4 is ...