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Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; ... This is a list of mathematical theories. Almgren–Pitts min-max theory; Approximation theory;
List of mathematical functions; List of mathematical identities; List of mathematical proofs; List of misnamed theorems; List of scientific laws; List of theories; Most of the results below come from pure mathematics, but some are from theoretical physics, economics, and other applied fields.
Harmonic series (mathematics) divergence of the (standard) harmonic series; Highly composite number; Area of hyperbolic sector, basis of hyperbolic angle; Infinite series. convergence of the geometric series with first term 1 and ratio 1/2; Integer partition; Irrational number. irrationality of log 2 3; irrationality of the square root of 2 ...
The following list is meant to serve as a repository for compiling a list of such ideas. The idea of the Pythagoreans that all numbers can be expressed as a ratio of two whole numbers . This was disproved by one of Pythagoras ' own disciples, Hippasus , who showed that the square root of two is what we today call an irrational number .
German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss said, "Mathematics is the queen of the sciences—and number theory is the queen of mathematics." Number theory also studies the natural, or whole, numbers. One of the central concepts in number theory is that of the prime number , and there are many questions about primes that appear simple but whose ...
For example, the fundamental theorem of calculus gives the relationship between differential calculus and integral calculus. [1] The names are mostly traditional, so that for example the fundamental theorem of arithmetic is basic to what would now be called number theory . [ 2 ]
The theory of an equivalence relation with exactly 2 infinite equivalence classes is an easy example of a theory which is ω-categorical but not categorical for any larger cardinal. The equivalence relation ~ should not be confused with the identity symbol '=': if x=y then x~y, but the converse is not necessarily true. Theories of equivalence ...
List of mathematical series; List of set identities and relations; List of alternative set theories; List of set theory topics; List of types of sets; List of shapes with known packing constant; List of solids derived from the sphere; List of mathematical spaces; List of spherical symmetry groups; List of textbooks in thermodynamics and ...