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A diagram of flocking texture. 1 fiber 2 adhesive 3 substrate. Flocking is defined as the application of fine particles to adhesive-coated surfaces, usually by the application of a high-voltage electric field. In a flocking machine the "flock" is given a negative charge whilst the substrate is earthed. Flock material flies vertically onto the ...
For outdoor film scenes needing large amounts of fake snow, salt was an inexpensive choice, but damaging to soil and plant life. [7] Gypsum and bleached or painted cereal flakes have often been used; [ 8 ] a less noisy alternative is paper, which is shredded and spread by specially-built machines.
Drop of water on 100% polyester textile. Waterproof/breathable fabrics resist liquid water passing through, but allow water vapour to pass through. Their ability to block out rain and snow while allowing vapour from sweat to evaporate leads to their use in rainwear, waterproof outdoor sports clothing, tents, and other applications.
A wax coating makes this Manila hemp waterproof. Some garments, and tents, are designed to give greater or lesser protection against rain. For urban use raincoats and jackets are used; for outdoor activities in rough weather there is a range of hiking apparel. Typical descriptions are "showerproof", "water resistant", and "waterproof". [1]
The combination of flame retardancy and low density is also useful in furnishings, draperies, and outdoor fabrics. Modacrylics are also commonly used in fake fur fabrics, toupées, wigs and fleece-type fabric. By mixing the various forms of fibers one can easily create a realistic synthetic fur.
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[1] [2] [3] Initially thought to have started in a boiler, subsequent investigation found it was likely started in a hopper on the "flock" line, [4] where nylon fibers are oriented in a 50,000 volt electric field while applied to adhesive on a backing fabric. Fibers occasionally ignited passing through this field, and despite automatic fire ...
Durable water repellents are commonly used in conjunction with waterproof breathable fabrics such as Gore-Tex to prevent the outer layer of fabric from becoming saturated with water. This saturation, called 'wetting out,' can reduce the garment's breathability (moisture transport through the breathable membrane) and let water through.