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Pakistan, [e] officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, [f] is a country in South Asia. It is the fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, [g] having the second-largest Muslim population as of 2023. Islamabad is the nation's capital, while Karachi is its largest city and financial centre.
With the addition of an "i" to improve the pronunciation, the name of Pakistan grew in popularity and led to the commencement of the Pakistan Movement, and consequently the creation of Pakistan. [158] In Urdu and Persian languages, the name encapsulates the concept of Pak ("pure") and stan ("land") and hence a "Pure Land". [159]
Statesmen of the early decades of Pakistan, with Pakistan’s founding father and future Governor-General, Muhammad Ali Jinnah in the centre of the bottom row. Three future Prime ministers can also be seen with Khawaja Nazimuddin to Jinnah’s left, I.I. Chundrigar on the rightmost of the middle row, and Liaquat Ali Khan on Chundrigar’s left.
Islamic Republic of Pakistan (official, English), Federation of Pakistan (alternate official name, English), Dominion of Pakistan (historic official name, English), West Pakistan (common and later official name for the area now covering Pakistan, used when discussing the polity before the unilateral-secession of East Bengal/Bangladesh), Meluhha ...
The country became a republic when its first constitution was approved in 1956 but this was abrogated in 1958 after a military Coup d'état. [13] Pakistan's second constitution was approved in 1962. It granted executive power to the president and abolished the office of the prime minister.
Unlike the practice in Western countries, or countries with predominant European influence, there is not one way of writing a full name in Pakistan. The most popular convention is to append the most called given name of the father to the person's given names.
The Dominion of Pakistan, officially Pakistan [3], was an independent federal dominion in the British Commonwealth of Nations, which existed from 14 August 1947 to 23 March 1956. It was created by the passing of the Indian Independence Act 1947 by the British parliament , which also created an independent Dominion of India .
Nationalists in Pakistan have long argued that Pakistan has rights to the name since it refers to the Indus region in Pakistan. [48] Meanwhile, former Lok Sabha Speaker Sumitra Mahajan said that the original name of the country was "definitely" Bharat and that it was the British who started calling it India. [49]