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Any form of epididymitis can be caused by genito-urinary surgery, including prostatectomy and urinary catheterization. Congestive epididymitis is a long-term complication of vasectomy. [10] [11] Chemical epididymitis may also result from drugs such as amiodarone. [12]
The differential diagnosis of testicular pain is broad and involves conditions from benign to life-threatening. The most common causes of pain in children presenting to the emergency room are testicular torsion (16%), torsion of a testicular appendage (46%), and epididymitis (35%). [4] In adults, the most common cause is epididymitis. [citation ...
The exact cause of an epididymal cyst is unknown, but it is most likely a congenital anomaly associated with hormonal imbalances during embryonic life. [3] Previous research has shown a correlation between the development of epididymal cysts and maternal exposure to endocrine disrupting substances like diethylstilbestrol during male fetal development.
In most cases where orchitis is caused by epididymitis, treatment is an oral antibiotic such as cefalexin or ciprofloxacin until infection clears up. In both causes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as naproxen or ibuprofen are recommended to relieve pain.
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Testicular torsion may also be caused by trauma to the scrotum or exercise (in particular, bicycle riding); [10] however, only about 4–8% of cases are the result of trauma. [1] [2] There is thought to be a possible genetic basis for predisposition to torsion, based on multiple published reports of familial testicular torsion. [10]
Epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis are common causes of acute scrotal pain in adolescent boys and adults. At physical examination, they usually are palpable as tender and enlarged structures. Clinically, this disease can be differentiated from torsion of the spermatic cord by elevation of the testes above the pubic symphysis.
This is a shortened version of the tenth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Genitourinary System. It covers ICD codes 580 to 629. The full chapter can be found on pages 329 to 353 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1.