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Ruthenium(IV) oxide is being used as the main component in the catalyst of the Sumitomo-Deacon process which produces chlorine by the oxidation of hydrogen chloride. [9] [10] RuO 2 can be used as catalyst in many other situations. Noteworthy reactions are the Fischer–Tropsch process, Haber–Bosch process, and various manifestations of fuel ...
Dichlorotris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) is a coordination complex of ruthenium. It is a chocolate brown solid that is soluble in organic solvents such as benzene . The compound is used as a precursor to other complexes including those used in homogeneous catalysis .
Some ruthenium complexes are highly active catalysts for transfer hydrogenations (sometimes referred to as "borrowing hydrogen" reactions). Chiral ruthenium complexes, introduced by Ryoji Noyori , are employed for the enantioselective hydrogenation of ketones , aldehydes , and imines . [ 76 ]
Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride. Grubbs' catalyst, which earned a Nobel Prize for its inventor, is used in alkene metathesis reactions. Ruthenium forms a variety of coordination complexes. Examples are the many pentaammine derivatives [Ru(NH 3) 5 L] n+ that often exist for both Ru(II) and Ru(III).
Organoruthenium chemistry is the chemistry of organometallic compounds containing a carbon to ruthenium chemical bond.Several organoruthenium catalysts are of commercial interest [1] and organoruthenium compounds have been considered for cancer therapy. [2]
Treatment of [(cymene)RuCl 2] 2 with the chelating ligand TsDPENH gives (cymene)Ru(TsDPEN-H), a catalyst for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation. [2][(cymene)RuCl 2] 2 is also used to prepare catalysts (by monomerization with dppf) used in borrowing hydrogen catalysis, [3] a catalytic reaction that is based on the activation of alcohols towards nucleophilic attack.
They identified a Ru(II) carbene as an effective metal center and in 1992 published the first well-defined, ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalyst, (PPh 3) 2 Cl 2 Ru=CHCH=CPh 2: [39] The corresponding tricyclohexylphosphine complex (PCy 3) 2 Cl 2 Ru=CHCH=CPh 2 was also shown to be active. [40]
The Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi cross-coupling reactions were typically performed with Pd(PPh 3) 4 as catalyst and were mostly limited to aryl bromides and iodides at elevated temperatures, while the widely available aryl chlorides were unreactive. Dialkylbiaryl phosphine ligands are sometimes referred to as the "Buchwald ligands."